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﴿ وَٱلۡمَلَكُ عَلَىٰٓ أَرۡجَآئِهَاۚ وَيَحۡمِلُ عَرۡشَ رَبِّكَ فَوۡقَهُمۡ يَوۡمَئِذٖ ثَمَٰنِيَةٞ

سورة الحاقة
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17. And the angels will be on its sides, and eight angels will, that Day, bear the Throne of your Lord above them.

﴿ إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَوَٰقِعٞ

سورة المرسلات
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what you are promised will surely come to pass.

﴿ ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱمۡرَأَتَ نُوحٖ وَٱمۡرَأَتَ لُوطٖۖ كَانَتَا تَحۡتَ عَبۡدَيۡنِ مِنۡ عِبَادِنَا صَٰلِحَيۡنِ فَخَانَتَاهُمَا فَلَمۡ يُغۡنِيَا عَنۡهُمَا مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـٔٗا وَقِيلَ ٱدۡخُلَا ٱلنَّارَ مَعَ ٱلدَّٰخِلِينَ

سورة التحريم
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Allāh presents an example of those who disbelieved: the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot. They were under two of Our righteous servants but betrayed them,[1710] so they [i.e., those prophets] did not avail them from Allāh at all, and it was said, "Enter the Fire with those who enter."

﴿ كَلَّا لَا وَزَرَ

سورة القيامة
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No! There is no refuge.

﴿ فَلَمَّا نَسُواْ مَا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِۦٓ أَنجَيۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ يَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلسُّوٓءِ وَأَخَذۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ بِعَذَابِۭ بَـِٔيسِۭ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ

سورة الأعراف
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And when they [i.e., those advised] forgot that by which they had been reminded, We saved those who had forbidden evil and seized those who wronged, with a wretched punishment, because they were defiantly disobeying.

﴿ وَرَسُولًا إِلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ أَنِّي قَدۡ جِئۡتُكُم بِـَٔايَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ أَنِّيٓ أَخۡلُقُ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلطِّينِ كَهَيۡـَٔةِ ٱلطَّيۡرِ فَأَنفُخُ فِيهِ فَيَكُونُ طَيۡرَۢا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۖ وَأُبۡرِئُ ٱلۡأَكۡمَهَ وَٱلۡأَبۡرَصَ وَأُحۡيِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۖ وَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا تَأۡكُلُونَ وَمَا تَدَّخِرُونَ فِي بُيُوتِكُمۡۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ

سورة آل عمران
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49. And will make him [(‘Îsâ (Jesus)] a Messenger to the Children of Israel (saying): "I have come to you with a sign from your Lord, that I design for you out of clay, a figure like that of a bird, and breathe into it, and it becomes a bird by Allâh’s Leave; and I heal him who was born blind, and the leper, and I bring the dead to life by Allâh’s Leave. And I inform you of what you eat, and what you store in your houses. Surely, therein is a sign for you, if you believe.

﴿ فَأَعۡقَبَهُمۡ نِفَاقٗا فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ يَلۡقَوۡنَهُۥ بِمَآ أَخۡلَفُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا وَعَدُوهُ وَبِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡذِبُونَ

سورة التوبة
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So He penalized them with hypocrisy in their hearts until the Day they will meet Him - because they failed Allāh in what they promised Him and because they [habitually] used to lie.

﴿ ۞ فَلَآ أُقۡسِمُ بِمَوَٰقِعِ ٱلنُّجُومِ

سورة الواقعة
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I do swear[10] by the positions of the stars –

﴿ وَإِنَّهَا لَبِسَبِيلٖ مُّقِيمٍ

سورة الحجر
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And their place is located by a known route[37].

﴿ أَفَلَا يَتُوبُونَ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَيَسۡتَغۡفِرُونَهُۥۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ

سورة المائدة
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So will they not repent to Allāh and seek His forgiveness? And Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: An orphan and I prayed behind the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in our house, and my mother Umm Sulaym was standing behind us.

Al-Bukhari and Muslim. This is the wording of Al-Bukhari
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Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) relates in this Hadīth that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) led him and an orphan in prayer, and the two of them were standing behind him. He also informs that his mother, called Umm Sulaym, offered the prayer behind them. So, the rows were as follows: The Imām stood at the front. The boys, Anas and the orphan, stood behind the Imām. The woman, Umm Sulaym, stood behind them all.

Al-Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Abu Bakrah came while the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was bowing, so he bowed before reaching the row and then walked to it. When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, he said: "Which one of you bowed before reaching the row and then walked thereto?" Abu Bakrah replied: "It was me." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "May Allah increase your keenness, but do not do that again."

Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad
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Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) entered the mosque and found the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions in the bowing position. So, he hastened to bow before reaching the row so as to catch up with this Rak‘ah. Then, he walked to the row while bowing until he joined it. Meanwhile, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) perceived there was some movement behind the row and that someone came hastily and bowed before reaching the row. It was a characteristic of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) that he could see what was behind him during prayer as he could see in front of him. Having finished the prayer, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Who bowed before reaching the row and then walked to it? Abu Bakrah said: "It was me." In other words, I am the one who did what you said: O Messenger of Allah, In response, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: May Allah increase your desire and enthusiasm for doing good. But, do not walk quickly again to catch up the Rak‘ah or bow before reaching the row. Indeed, fast walking contradicts calmness and tranquility, which are required in prayer. In another Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no prayer for a person who prays alone behind the row." However, Abu Bakrah’s action does not fall under this ruling, for he only performed a small part of the prayer alone. This is similar to the case of a person who bows alone and is subsequently joined by someone else while still in this position, forming a row together. However, Abu Bakrah’s action is not permissible, given the Prophet’s order: "But do not do that again.”

Umm Waraqah bint ‘Abdullāh ibn al-Hārith al-Ansāri reported that she had memorized the Qur'an, and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her to lead her household in prayers. There was a Muezzin for her, and she used to lead her household in prayer.

Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad
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Umm Waraqah al-Ansāriyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) had memorized the Qur'an by heart, and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered her to lead her household in the five daily prayers. There was a Muezzin for her to call for the five daily prayers, and she used to lead her female household in prayer, as mentioned in the narration of Ad-Daraqutni. Thus, the Hadīth proves that she was leading exclusively the women in prayer.

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Ibn Umm Maktūm as his successor to lead the people in prayer, and he was blind.

Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad
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The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Ibn Umm Maktūm as his successor in Madīnah as he went on some journeys. This is because Ibn Umm Maktūm was more qualified than others. He was one of the first people to accept Islam, and he was also a scholar and a skilled reciter of the Qur’an. Therefore, he deserved to be put in a leadership position. He would issue Islamic verdicts, judge between people, and manage all the affairs of Madīnah while the Messenger was absent. This is proven by a narration in which Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Ibn Umm Maktūm as his successor in prayer and the other affairs of Madīnah.” [At-Tabarāni] In another narration: “The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Ibn Umm Maktūm as his successor in Madīnah twice.” [Abu Dawūd]

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I accompanied the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) on his journeys, and he would not perform more than two Rak‘ahs. Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, and ‘Uthmān used to do the same.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned that he accompanied the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) on his journeys and that he accompanied Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, and ‘Uthmān (may Allah be pleased with them) in their travels as well, and all of them used to shorten the four-Rak‘ah prayers into two and never exceeded this number of Rak‘ahs. In other words, they never offered four Rak‘ahs in the obligatory prayers and never performed the supererogatory prayers while on a journey. He mentioned Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, and ‘Uthmān to prove that this ruling was not abrogated – rather, it was applied after the death of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) – and that there is no preponderant objection to that ruling. It is permissible to not shorten the prayer on a journey; however, shortening is preferable, for Allah, the Almighty, says: {When you are on a journey, it is no sin to shorten your prayers.} [Sūrat An-Nisā': 101] The negation of sin here implies that this is a concession and not the original ruling, which is praying the four Rak‘ahs. It is preferable for the traveler to act upon that concession and shorten the prayer in order to comply with the Sunnah of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and avoid the relevant difference in opinion among the scholars, as some of them considered it obligatory, and because it is the opinion preferred by the majority of the scholars.

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was on a journey, he used to combine the Zhuhr and ‘Asr prayers, as long as he was continuing with his journey, and also used to combine the Maghrib and ‘Ishā' prayers.

Narrated by Bukhari
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The Shariah of our Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) is distinguished from the other divinely-revealed religions by its tolerance, ease, and the removal or alleviation of all aspects of difficulty and hardships from those competent for religious duties. One of the alleviating aspects is the combining of two prayers that occur within the same range of time. In principle, these prayers should be prayed each in their own specified time. However, it was the custom of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) when he went on a journey to combine the Zhuhr and ‘Asr prayers, either praying them in the time of the Zhuhr prayer or in the time of the ‘Asr prayer. He would also combine the Maghrib and ‘Ishā' prayers, either praying them during the time of the Maghrib prayer or the time of the ‘Ishā' prayer. He would take into consideration what was easier for him and the people who were accompanying him on his journey. So his journey was a reason for combining the prayers during the time of one of them, because the time becomes the time for both prayers. Travel involves a lot of hardship, either in stopping or in proceeding with the journey, so the concession of combining the prayers was only legislated to make matters easy during travel.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prayed in his house during his illness. He prayed while sitting and the people prayed behind him while standing. He pointed to them to sit down. When he had finished the prayer, he said: "Verily, the Imām is appointed in order to be followed. So when he bows, you should bow, and when he raises his head, you should do the same. And if he says: 'Allah hears the one who praises Him,' you should say: 'Our Lord, all praise is due to You.' And if the Imām prays while sitting, you all should pray while sitting as well."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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This Hadīth contains a description of how the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prayed during his illness. It also explains how the congregation should follow the Imām and imitate him. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) guided the congregation to the wisdom behind appointing the Imām, which is that he should be followed and imitated in order for people to not act differently from his actions during the prayer. Rather, the movements of the Imām are to be followed in the same order. So if the Imām says the Takbīr of Ihrām, then all of the congregation should do this after him, and if he goes into the bowing position, then all of the congregation should bow after him as well. If the Imām reminds you that Allah answers those who praise Him by saying: "Allah hears the one who praises Him," then you should all praise him by saying: "Our Lord, all praise is due to You". Then when he prostrates, all of you should follow him in prostration, and if the Imām prays while sitting because of his inability to stand, then to manifest complete imitation, you should all pray while sitting, even if you are all able to stand. ‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) felt ill, and he prayed while sitting down for that reason. The companions thought that they should stand up because they had the ability to stand, so they prayed while standing behind him. But the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) pointed to them that they should sit down. After the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, he informed them that people should not act contrary to the Imām and that he should be followed in order to manifest complete imitation and perfect emulation. The congregation should pray while sitting down, even if they have the ability to stand, because their Imām is sitting down due to his inability to stand. If the Imām starts the prayer with them while sitting, then they should all sit, acting upon this Hadīth. However, if the Imām starts the prayer while standing and then becomes sick or ill during the prayer and needs to sit down, then it become obligatory for the congregation to complete the prayer while standing. This is proven by the Hadīth which describes the prayer where the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) led Abu Bakr and the people when he was experiencing his final illness.

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) combined the Maghrib and the ‘Ishā' prayers (at Muzdalifah) with one Iqāmah. He did not offer any voluntary prayers in between or after either of them.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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When the sun set on the Day of ‘Arafah, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) proceeded to Muzdalifah, where he prayed the Maghrib and the ‘Ishā' prayers, combining them at the time of the ‘Ishā', with one Iqāmah for each prayer, and he did not perform any voluntary prayers between them. he did that in order to have the meaning of combining the prayer fully realized. He did not pray any voluntary prayers after them so that he could take a good portion of rest and be ready for the rituals which he had to perform on the next day.

Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) combined the Maghrib and Ishā' prayers. He prayed three Rak‘ahs for Maghrib then two Rak‘ahs for Ishā' with one Iqāmah.

Narrated by Muslim
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The Hadīth shows the way the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) combined between the prayers one night when he was at Al-Muzdalifah after his return from ‘Arafah. He combined Maghrib prayer with Ishā' prayer and shortened the latter to two Rak‘ahs only with one Adhān for both and one Iqāmah for each.

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) visited a sick person and saw him pray on a pillow. He took the pillow and threw it away. The man took it, again with the intention to pray on it, and the Messenger of Allah once again threw it away. He then said: "Pray on the ground if you are able to; and if not, then use gestures and make your prostration lower than your bowing."

Narrated by Al-Bazzar - Al-Bayhaqi
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This noble Hadīth demonstrates how a sick person who is unable to place his forehead on the ground can pray. He is obligated to pray according to his ability and is allowed to use gestures instead of bowing and prostration, but his prostration should be lower than his bowing.

Whoever feels remorse for a sin, Allah will guide him to repentance and help him fulfill it.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Whomever Allah Almighty loves, He afflicts him with trials to fend off harm heading his way, or to absolve him of a sin, or to raise him in rank in this life and the Hereafter.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

One of the best blessings the servant is granted is to have patience in all his affairs.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

When the servant suffices himself with what Allah gives him rather than beg people for what they have, Allah will make him needless of people and aid him in keeping his integrity intact without having to beg.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

When the servant refrains from unlawful deeds, Allah, Exlated and Glorified, will grant him virtuousness and protect him and his relatives from such unlawful deeds and their allure.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Prayer illuminates the path of truth for its observer in this life and the Sirāt (bridge over hellfire) in the Hereafter.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Patience is a virtue and a praiseworthy behavior endured only by strong-willed individuals.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Repenting to Allah Almighty is a cause for quitting sins and for contentment with the provision that Allah alloted for His servant.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Facing affliction with patience and expectation of the reward from Allah raises one’s ranks and expiates his sins.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

The afflictions befalling the believer is a proof that Allah loves him and wills good for him.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits