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﴿ لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٞ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ ٱلۡوَٰلِدَانِ وَٱلۡأَقۡرَبُونَ وَلِلنِّسَآءِ نَصِيبٞ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ ٱلۡوَٰلِدَانِ وَٱلۡأَقۡرَبُونَ مِمَّا قَلَّ مِنۡهُ أَوۡ كَثُرَۚ نَصِيبٗا مَّفۡرُوضٗا ﴾

سورة النساء

For men is a share of what the parents and close relatives leave, and for women is a share of what the parents and close relatives leave, be it little or much - an obligatory share.

﴿ قَدۡ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجۡهِكَ فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبۡلَةٗ تَرۡضَىٰهَاۚ فَوَلِّ وَجۡهَكَ شَطۡرَ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِۚ وَحَيۡثُ مَا كُنتُمۡ فَوَلُّواْ وُجُوهَكُمۡ شَطۡرَهُۥۗ وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ لَيَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا يَعۡمَلُونَ ﴾

سورة البقرة

144. Verily! We have seen the turning of your (Muhammad’s صلى الله عليه وسلم) face towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qiblah (prayer direction) that shall please you, so turn your face in the direction of Al-Masjid-al-Harâm (at Makkah). And wheresoever you people are, turn your faces (in prayer) in that direction. Certainly, the people who were given the Scripture (i.e. Jews and the Christians) know well that, that (your turning towards the direction of the Ka‘bah at Makkah in prayers) is the truth from their Lord. And Allâh is not unaware of what they do.

﴿ وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤۡمِنٍ أَن يَقۡتُلَ مُؤۡمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَـٔٗاۚ وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤۡمِنًا خَطَـٔٗا فَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖ وَدِيَةٞ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن يَصَّدَّقُواْۚ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوۡمٍ عَدُوّٖ لَّكُمۡ وَهُوَ مُؤۡمِنٞ فَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖۖ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞ فَدِيَةٞ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ وَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖۖ فَمَن لَّمۡ يَجِدۡ فَصِيَامُ شَهۡرَيۡنِ مُتَتَابِعَيۡنِ تَوۡبَةٗ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا ﴾

سورة النساء

And never is it for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake - then the freeing of a believing slave and a compensation payment [diyah] presented to his [i.e., the deceased's] family [is required], unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if he [i.e., the deceased] was from a people at war with you and he was a believer - then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty - then a compensation payment presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave. And whoever does not find [one or cannot afford to buy one] - then [instead], a fast for two months consecutively,[209] [seeking] acceptance of repentance from Allāh.[210] And Allāh is ever Knowing and Wise.

﴿ وَلَكُمۡ فِيهَا مَنَٰفِعُ وَلِتَبۡلُغُواْ عَلَيۡهَا حَاجَةٗ فِي صُدُورِكُمۡ وَعَلَيۡهَا وَعَلَى ٱلۡفُلۡكِ تُحۡمَلُونَ ﴾

سورة غافر

80. And you have (many other) benefits from them, and that you may reach by their means a desire that is in your breasts (i.e. carry your goods, loads, etc.), and on them and on ships you are carried.

﴿ فَٱسۡتَجَبۡنَا لَهُۥ وَنَجَّيۡنَٰهُ مِنَ ٱلۡغَمِّۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُـۨجِي ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾

سورة الأنبياء

So We responded to him and saved him from the distress. And thus do We save the believers.

﴿ وَمَآ أَسۡـَٔلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ مِنۡ أَجۡرٍۖ إِنۡ أَجۡرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ﴾

سورة الشعراء

180. "No reward do I ask of you for it (my Message of Islâmic Monotheism); my reward is only from the Lord of the ‘Âlamîn (mankind, jinn and all that exists).

﴿ وَإِذَا رَأَوۡكَ إِن يَتَّخِذُونَكَ إِلَّا هُزُوًا أَهَٰذَا ٱلَّذِي بَعَثَ ٱللَّهُ رَسُولًا ﴾

سورة الفرقان

41. And when they see you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), they treat you only in mockery (saying): "Is this the one whom Allâh has sent as a Messenger?

﴿ تُولِجُ ٱلَّيۡلَ فِي ٱلنَّهَارِ وَتُولِجُ ٱلنَّهَارَ فِي ٱلَّيۡلِۖ وَتُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡحَيَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمَيِّتِ وَتُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَيِّتَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَيِّۖ وَتَرۡزُقُ مَن تَشَآءُ بِغَيۡرِ حِسَابٖ ﴾

سورة آل عمران

27. You make the night to enter into the day, and You make the day to enter into the night (i.e. increase and decrease in the hours of the night and the day during winter and summer), You bring the living out of the dead, and You bring the dead out of the living. And You give wealth and sustenance to whom You will, without limit (measure or account).

﴿ وَلَوۡ دُخِلَتۡ عَلَيۡهِم مِّنۡ أَقۡطَارِهَا ثُمَّ سُئِلُواْ ٱلۡفِتۡنَةَ لَأٓتَوۡهَا وَمَا تَلَبَّثُواْ بِهَآ إِلَّا يَسِيرٗا ﴾

سورة الأحزاب

If the enemy were to enter the town upon them[12] from all sides, and they were asked to abandon faith, they would have done it and would not have shown hesitation in it except a little.

﴿ وَٱللَّهُ أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَحۡيَا بِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَآۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَسۡمَعُونَ ﴾

سورة النحل

And Allāh has sent down rain from the sky and given life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness. Indeed in that is a sign for a people who listen.

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Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade turning the waterskins upside down and drinking from their mouths.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade turning the waterskins upside down and then drinking from their mouths, because they may contain harmful things that could enter one's stomach and harm him.

Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited blowing in one's drink. A man said: “Sometimes, I see a speck in the vessel. What should I do then?” He replied: “Spill it.” Then the man said: “My thirst is not quenched with one draught.” He said: “Then remove the cup from your mouth (in between three gulps, and take a breath).”

Narrated by At-Termedhy - Narrated by Ahmad - Maalik - Ad-Daarimi

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited blowing in one's drink. A man asked him: “O Messenger of Allah, there might be a speck in it, so one blows in it to remove it.” The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Spill the water that has the speck in it, and do not blow in it.” Then the man asked him: “My thirst is not quenched with one breath.” So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to remove the cup from his mouth, take a breath, and then drink again.

Sahl ibn Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was given something to drink, so he drank from it. There was a boy on his right and old men on his left. He said to the boy: "Do you allow me to give it to these?" The boy said: "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah. I will not prefer anyone over myself with my share from you." So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) put it in his hand.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

In this Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sought the young boy’s permission to give the drink to the old men first. He did that to comfort the hearts of the old men, and to let them know that they are loved and cared for, and as a token of respect for them, so long as the Sunnah does not prevent doing so. The Sunnah in this situation is that the person sitting on the right is worthier (of giving first), and that no one should be given before him except with his permission. Also, there is nothing wrong in seeking permission from the person on the right, while he is not obliged to give permission, and that he should not give permission if it entails missing a religious virtue and a worldly benefit. The boy in the Hadīth was Ibn ‘Abbās.

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Food for two persons suffices for three, and food for three persons suffices for four." In Muslim's narration, Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Food for one person suffices for two, and food for two persons suffices for four, and food for four persons suffices for eight."

Narrated by Muslim - Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Hadīth urges Muslims to share food. Even if it is a small amount, the desired sufficiency will still be attained, and blessing will fall upon it and thus showers all those sharing in it. It is also an encouragement from the Prophet, may peace and blessings be upon him, towards altruism. That is to say, if you have some food that, in your estimation, shall be enough for you only, and another person comes, do not be stingy and say this food is mine alone. Rather, give him some of it as it will suffice for two persons.

Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Cover the vessels, fasten the waterskins, close the doors, and extinguish the lamps, for, indeed, the devil does not loosen waterskins, nor open doors, nor uncover vessels. If one can find nothing to cover his vessel with other than a stick while mentioning the name of Allah, let him do so, because a mouse may set a house on fire with its inhabitants inside."

Narrated by Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that vessels should be covered to safeguard them against insects and other harmful creatures, and against diseases that may dwell therein. Also, he ordered Muslims to fasten waterskins and close doors, given the worldly and religious interests that such an action involves, as well as protecting lives and properties from evil and corrupt people. He also guided Muslims to extinguish lamps to protect houses and its occupants from the harms of fire. The Hadīth is concerned with the time of sleep at night, and it tells that the devil does not open closed waterskins, doors, or vessels. So, if one is unable to cover a vessel with something that can completely cover it in such a way that nothing of its contents appears, he should not leave it uncovered. Rather, he should place a stalk over it in a horizontal position, and mention the name of Allah, the Exalted, while covering the vessel, fastening the waterskins, or closing the doors. The Hadīth also mentions that, in most cases, mice may tamper with lamps and other inflammable objects if they are left without extinguishing them before sleep, and this could be a cause for setting the inhabitants of the house on fire while they are sleeping.

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) commanded licking the fingers and the dish (after eating), and he said: "You do not know in which portion the blessing lies." In another narration, he said: "When a morsel falls from any of you, he should pick it up and remove any dirt that is on it then eat it and not leave it to the devil. He should not wipe his hand with the napkin until he has licked his fingers, for he does not know in which portion of his food the blessing lies." In a third narration, he said: "Verily, the devil is present with you in all of your affairs. He is present when your meal is brought to you. So, if a morsel fell from any of you, then he should remove any dirt that is on it then eat it and not leave it to the devil.”

Narrated by Muslim

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) some of the manners of eating, including the following: - When one finishes his meal, he should lick his fingers and wipe his plate clean until there is no trace of food on it, in order not to miss any of the blessing of the food which could be in any part of it. If a morsel of food falls on the ground, he should not leave it, because the devil accompanies the son of Adam in all of his affairs. If a morsel of food falls, the devil takes it, but we do not see him as this is a matter of the unseen world. However, we know about it through the words of our truthful Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him). The devil takes this fallen food and eats it, even if we still see it before us; he eats it in a manner unseen to us. This is one of the matters of the unseen that we must believe in.

Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If one of you is invited to a wedding banquet, he should attend.”

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

This Hadīth states that if a Muslim is invited to a wedding banquet, whether before, after, or at the same time of marriage consummation, then he must attend it to please his Muslim brother and share with him his joy. According to the majority of scholars, attending the wedding banquet is obligatory for the invitee, because, in other Hadīths, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) described the one who declines the invitation to a wedding banquet as disobedient to Allah, the Almighty, and His Messenger. This description can be assigned only to a person who fails to observe an obligation.

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say: "The worst food is the food of a wedding banquet to which the rich are invited while the poor are left out. Anyone who does not answer the invitation has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him)."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

This reported citation from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), which could be treated as a Marfū‘ report, corresponds with a Hadīth in which the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said that the worst food is the food of a wedding banquet to which only rich people are invited, whereas the poor are left out and despised. Since the rich are invited by way of ostentation and for seeking fame and good repute, the food, therefore, becomes the worst food. If the poor are invited along with the rich, this description is inapplicable. In any case, it is recommended to hold a banquet in appreciation of the divine blessing of marriage. Finally, anyone who does not answer an invitation to a wedding banquet without an excuse disobeys Allah and His Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet's instruction should be complied with, due to the interests involved.

Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Blessing descends in the middle of the food. So eat from the sides, and do not eat from the middle."

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad - Ad-Daarimi

This Hadīth highlights one of the manners of eating food when people are gathered around a bowl or a dish. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) commanded eating from the sides of the pot, without eating directly from the middle, because divine blessings come down on the middle. A blessed food, although insufficient, is palatable and satiates many people. If there is a leftover, it remains clean on the basis that no one has touched it. So those who want to eat later can do so. One, however, would be discouraged to eat the leftover if someone ate from the middle of the food, as that renders it unclean and spoils the rest of it, so it ends up being thrown away, even if it was much.

Anas ibn Sirīn reported: I was with Anas ibn Mālik(may Allah be pleased with him) in the company of some Magians when a sweet was brought in a silver vessel, and Anas did not eat from it. The man was told to change the vessel, and he replaced it with a wooden bowl and brought it. Thereupon, he ate from it.

Al-Bayhaqi