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﴿ مَّنَّاعٖ لِّلۡخَيۡرِ مُعۡتَدٍ أَثِيمٍ ﴾
سورة القلم
withholder of good, transgressor, sinful,
﴿ إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ ٱفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبٗا وَمَا نَحۡنُ لَهُۥ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾
سورة المؤمنون
He is no more than a man who has fabricated lies about Allah, and we will never believe in him.”
﴿ وَيَجۡعَلُونَ لِمَا لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ نَصِيبٗا مِّمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡۗ تَٱللَّهِ لَتُسۡـَٔلُنَّ عَمَّا كُنتُمۡ تَفۡتَرُونَ ﴾
سورة النحل
56. And they assign a portion of that which We have provided them unto what they know not (false deities). By Allâh, you shall certainly be questioned about (all) that you used to fabricate.
﴿ وَيَعۡبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنفَعُهُمۡ وَلَا يَضُرُّهُمۡۗ وَكَانَ ٱلۡكَافِرُ عَلَىٰ رَبِّهِۦ ظَهِيرٗا ﴾
سورة الفرقان
But they worship rather than Allāh that which does not benefit them or harm them, and the disbeliever is ever, against his Lord, an assistant [to Satan].
﴿ قُلۡ مَن رَّبُّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ ٱلسَّبۡعِ وَرَبُّ ٱلۡعَرۡشِ ٱلۡعَظِيمِ ﴾
سورة المؤمنون
Say, "Who is Lord of the seven heavens and Lord of the Great Throne?"
﴿ أَنِ ٱغۡدُواْ عَلَىٰ حَرۡثِكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰرِمِينَ ﴾
سورة القلم
[Saying], "Go early to your crop if you would cut the fruit."
﴿ أَلَمۡ تَعۡلَمۡ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَهُۥ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ يُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ﴾
سورة المائدة
Do you not know that the dominion of the heavens and earth belongs to Allah? He punishes whom He wills and forgives whom He wills, and Allah is Most Capable of all things.
﴿ وَنَسُوقُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ وِرۡدٗا ﴾
سورة مريم
86. And We shall drive the Mujrimûn (polytheists, sinners, criminals, disbelievers in the Oneness of Allâh) to Hell, in a thirsty state (like a thirsty herd driven down to water).
﴿ فَبَعَثَ ٱللَّهُ غُرَابٗا يَبۡحَثُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ لِيُرِيَهُۥ كَيۡفَ يُوَٰرِي سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيهِۚ قَالَ يَٰوَيۡلَتَىٰٓ أَعَجَزۡتُ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِثۡلَ هَٰذَا ٱلۡغُرَابِ فَأُوَٰرِيَ سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيۖ فَأَصۡبَحَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰدِمِينَ ﴾
سورة المائدة
Then Allāh sent a crow searching [i.e., scratching] in the ground to show him how to hide the disgrace[257] of his brother. He said, "O woe to me! Have I failed to be like this crow and hide the disgrace [i.e., body] of my brother?" And he became of the regretful.
﴿ لَا يَسۡتَوِيٓ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِۚ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآئِزُونَ ﴾
سورة الحشر
20. Not equal are the dwellers of the Fire and the dwellers of the Paradise. It is the dwellers of Paradise that will be successful.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar, Abu Hurayrah, and Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with them) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the heat is intense, delay the prayer until it becomes fairly cool, for intense heat is from the boiling and breathing of Hellfire."
Narrated by Bukhari - Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that the Zhuhr Prayer should be delayed when the heat is intense, which is from the breathing and blaze of Hellfire, to a time when it is fairly cool, so that one is not distracted by heat and grief from submissiveness in prayer.
Al-Barā' ibn ‘Āzib (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I watched the prayer of Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and found his standing, his bowing, standing after bowing, prostration, sitting between the two prostrations, prostration, and sitting between Taslīm and going away, nearly equal to one another.' Another narration reads: ''Except the standing and the sitting, (other postures) were nearly equal.”
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
Al-Barā ibn ‘Āzib (may Allah be pleased with him) describes the Prophet's prayer as he watched him closely to learn how he prayed and follow his example. He mentioned that all the Prophet's postures were in proportion. So, his standing for recitation and sitting for the Tashahhud were proportional to bowing, standing up after bowing, and prostration. He would not prolong his standing and shorten his bowing, nor would he prolong his prostration and shorten his standing. Rather, he would keep each posture commensurate with others. This does not mean that his standing and sitting for Tashahhud were exactly equal in length to his bowing and prostration. It means that he would not shorten one and prolong the other.
Abu Juhaym ibn al-Hārith ibn As-Simmah al-Ansāri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If the person passing in front of someone praying knew the extent of the guilt he is incurring, he would prefer to stand for forty rather than pass in front him." Abu An-Nadr said: "I am not sure if he said forty days, months, or years."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The praying person is standing before his Lord, the Almighty, supplicating Him privately and calling upon Him. If someone passes in front of him while being in this state, he will interrupt his private supplication and disturb his worship. That is why it has become a great sin to disturb the Muslim’s prayer by passing in front of him. So, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed us that if one knew the sin and misdeed earned from such an act, he would prefer to stand in his place for 'forty' rather than pass in front of someone praying. Therefore, a Muslim should beware of this act and avoid doing it. The narrator was unsure of what was meant by 'forty': are they forty days, months, or years? However, the number mentioned is not intended to restrict it to a certain period of time; rather, it is intended to emphasize the prohibition.
Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We used to pray and animals would pass in front of us. We mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) so he said: "If anything, like the back of the saddle, is placed in front of anyone of you, then nothing that passes in front of him (but behind that thing) can harm him."
Narrated by Muslim
Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) informs us that they used to pray and that animals would pass in front of them. They mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) so he told them that as long as there is something between the praying person and the passer-by, like the end of a saddle, then his passing will not harm him. Some of the benefits of the Sutrah are: maintaining the prayer, staying away from things that reduce its reward, repelling any guilt from the passer-by, and sparing him any difficulty or embarrassment.
Sabrah ibn Ma‘bad al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When anyone of you prays, let him do so behind a barrier, even if an arrow."
Narrated by Ahmad
The Hadīth points out that it is recommended for a person to put something before him as a barrier when he offers prayer. That barrier can be anything he sets up in front of him, even if it were short or thin like an arrow. Indeed, this is one of the manifestations of the ease and leniency of the Islamic Shariah.
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "When one of you stands up to pray, he should put a screen in front of him as tall as the height of the back of a saddle. If he does not have something the height of the back of a saddle in front of him, his prayer would be invalidated if a donkey, a woman, or a black dog passed in front of him." I asked: “O Abu Dharr, what is the difference between a black dog and a red or a yellow dog?” He said: “O nephew, I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) the same question and he answered: "A black dog is a devil.” According to a narration by Ibn ‘Abbās: "Prayer is invalidated by [the passing of] a menstruating woman and a dog."
Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Muslim
When someone stands up to pray, he should place a screen the height of the back of a saddle (approximately two-thirds of a cubit) in front of him, otherwise his prayer would be invalidated by the passing of any one of these three in front of him: a woman - restricted to a menstruating woman in the narration of Abu Dawūd - a donkey, or a black dog. However, if he places a screen in front of him, his prayer will be valid regardless of anything passing by on the other side of the screen, including those three. The narrator, ‘Abdullāh ibn As-Sāmit, asked: “O Abu Dharr: "What is the difference between a black dog and a red or a yellow dog?” Meaning: why did the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) single out a black dog? He said: “O nephew, I asked the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) the same question, and he answered: "A black dog is a devil.” According to the Saudi Arabian Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Iftā', this Hadīth means that the passing of a woman, a donkey, or a black dog in front of someone praying, renders the prayer void. However, some scholars thought that the intended meaning was that one’s focus in prayer would be interrupted or the prayer’s perfection would be compromised, rather than it would render the prayer void or invalid.
‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prayed wearing a striped garment and glanced at the stripes. When he had finished, he said: "Take this garment of mine to Abu Jahm and bring me his plain garment, because this one has distracted me from my prayer." In another narration: "I was looking at the stripes while I was praying, so I fear that it will distract me."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
Abu Jahm had gifted the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) an embellished colored garment. It was the Prophet's good manners to accept gifts in appreciation of the giver's thought. So he accepted the garment from Abu Jahm and prayed in it. As the garment was colored and embellished, it caught the Prophet's eye and distracted him from concentrating fully on his prayer. He therefore asked someone to return it to Abu Jahm and asked in return a plain garment with no color or embellishment, in order to reassure and not upset him through the return of his gift.
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) drew the curtain (of his chamber) aside to see the people standing in rows behind Abu Bakr in prayer. He then said: "O people, there is nothing remaining of the glad tidings of prophet-hood except a good vision that a Muslim sees or someone else sees it for him. Verily, I have been forbidden to recite the Qur'an while bowing or prostrating. So, while bowing, glorify the Lord, and while prostrating, engage in supplication diligently, for it is most likely that your supplications would be answered."
Narrated by Muslim
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) lifted the curtain that covered the door of his house and saw the people standing in rows behind Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and praying in congregation. Because of his illness, he could not lead them in prayer and ordered Abu Bakr to lead them instead. Then, he addressed them saying: "O People, there is nothing that remained from the glad tidings of prophet-hood except a good vision." After the death of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and the cessation of revelation, nothing remained but the good vision (dreams); i.e. the true vision that conforms to reality. The believers see such vision in their sleep, so they rejoice at it and increase in their steadfastness upon faith. A good vision is considered part of prophet-hood because the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to see visions that came true as evident as daylight at the first stage of his prophet-hood. He described visions as "glad tidings" because most visions herald good news; however, some visions are a plain and true warning that Allah, the Almighty, sends to the believer out of mercy so that he prepares himself in advance for what will befall him. Therefore, a good vision is either glad tidings for the believer or a warning to alert him from a state of heedlessness. "that a Muslim sees for himself or others see it for him": the good vision may be seen by the person himself or by someone else who sees a vision about him. "I have been forbidden to recite the Qur’an while bowing or prostrating": he meant that Allah, the Almighty forbade him from reciting the Qur’an during bowing or prostrating on the ground. In principle, the whole Ummah is forbidden to do what the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was forbidden to do. They follow him in this respect unless there is evidence to denote that the ruling is specific to him. This forbiddance applies if the person intends the recitation of the Qur'an per se during his bowing and prostration. However, if he intends to supplicate Allah by reciting the Qur'an, then there is nothing wrong with that. This is supported by the Hadīth which reads: "... and every person will only get what he has intended." The wisdom behind this forbiddance – and Allah knows best – is that bowing and prostration are two positions of humiliation and submission. Also, prostration is offered on the ground, so it is inappropriate to recite the Glorious Qur’an in such a state. "So while bowing, glorify the Lord, may He be Exalted": i.e. say words like: "Glory be to my Lord, the Greatest" and similar phrases of exaltation and glorification that are reported to be said when bowing. "and while prostrating, engage in supplication diligently": i.e. the Muslim who performs prayers should supplicate Allah a great deal during his prostration as it is most likely that his supplications would be answered while prostrating. It is authentically reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The condition in which a slave is closest to His Lord is when he is prostrating, so supplicate Allah a lot." However, this has to be combined with saying "Glory be to My Lord, the Most High", as saying this phrase is obligatory in prostration. "It is most likely that your supplication would be answered": Allah, the Almighty, will most likely respond to your supplications when you are nearest to Him in prostration. The cases where a person is recommended to prolong his supplication and offer a great deal thereof is when he is praying alone or with a congregation that favors prolonged supplications (during prostration).
Abu Juhaym ibn al-Hārith ibn As-Simmah al-Ansāri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported directly from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: "If the one passing in front of a person who is praying would know the gravity of his sin, it would have been better for him to stand for forty than to pass in front him." Abu An-Nadr said: "I am not sure if he said forty days, months, or years."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The praying person is standing before his Lord, conversing with Him in privacy and calling upon Him. If someone passes by him in this state, he interrupts this private conversation and disturbs his worship. That is why it is a serious sin on the part of whoever causes disturbance of a person's prayer by passing in front of him. So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed us that if a person would know the consequences of his passing; meaning: the sin and misdeed that he incurs, he would have preferred to stand in his place for extended periods of time than to pass in front of someone during his praying. Therefore, a Muslim must guard against this action and avoid it.
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When anyone of you prays towards an object that acts as a barrier between him and the people and then someone tries to pass in front of him, he should push him away; and if he insists, he should fight him, for indeed he is a devil."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Shariah enjoins caution and firmness in all matters. Prayer is the most important among all worldly and religious affairs. Therefore, the wise Lawgiver urges people to take care of it and orders the praying person to use something as a barrier between himself and the people so that they would not render his prayer deficient by passing in front of him as he worships his Lord and communicates privately with Him. If someone tries to pass before him, he should repel him in the easiest way possible. If he does not stop, however, he is no longer deemed inviolable, for he is now a transgressor. In such a situation, the only way to avert his aggression is to fight him by pushing him away forcefully. This is because his action is typical of the devils who seek to spoil people's acts of worship and cause them confusion during prayer.
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Variation of reward for good deeds is based on sincerity and following of the Prophet’s guidance. The more a person is sincere to Allah, and the keener he is on following the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), the more perfect his worship will be, and consequently his reward will be bigger.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
People differ with regards to their acts of worship according to their intentions. The intentions of some people have reached the ultimate level of sincerity (to Allah) and keenness in following the Sunnah (of the Messenger of Allah) with regard to doing good and righteous deeds, while the intentions of others are below that.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Anyone partaking a role with transgressors and wrongdoers will share their punishment because it is inclusive.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Actions are recompensed according to the intentions behind them, and the individual shall receive the reward of what he intended even if the outcome was contrary to his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
There is not a single good deed intended sincerely to please Allah except that its doer will be raised in rank and status thereby, so that he would reap the full reward.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Love and contentment is measured by good deeds and intentions because they are the criteria for Allah’s acceptance of the servant; perhaps a small deed reaps great reward because of the intention behind it and perhaps a big deed reaps little reward because of the intention behind it
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
One of the proofs Allah supports the servant is the latter’s sincere endeavor to rectify his intention and purify his heart by good deeds.
هدايات لشرح رياض الصالحين