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﴿ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ ﴾

سورة الشعراء

so fear Allah, and obey me.

﴿ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ ﴾

سورة الشعراء

So fear Allāh and obey me."

﴿ أَمَّنۡ هُوَ قَٰنِتٌ ءَانَآءَ ٱلَّيۡلِ سَاجِدٗا وَقَآئِمٗا يَحۡذَرُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةَ وَيَرۡجُواْ رَحۡمَةَ رَبِّهِۦۗ قُلۡ هَلۡ يَسۡتَوِي ٱلَّذِينَ يَعۡلَمُونَ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَۗ إِنَّمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ﴾

سورة الزمر

9. Is one who is obedient to Allâh, prostrating himself or standing (in prayer) during the hours of the night, fearing the Hereafter and hoping for the Mercy of his Lord (like one who disbelieves)? Say: "Are those who know equal to those who know not?" It is only men of understanding who will remember (i.e. get a lesson from Allâh’s Signs and Verses).

﴿ قَالَ هِيَ رَٰوَدَتۡنِي عَن نَّفۡسِيۚ وَشَهِدَ شَاهِدٞ مِّنۡ أَهۡلِهَآ إِن كَانَ قَمِيصُهُۥ قُدَّ مِن قُبُلٖ فَصَدَقَتۡ وَهُوَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰذِبِينَ ﴾

سورة يوسف

Joseph said, “It was she who tried to seduce me.” A witness from her own household suggested: “If his shirt is torn from the front, then she is telling the truth and he is a liar.

﴿ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَمۡ يَكُ مُغَيِّرٗا نِّعۡمَةً أَنۡعَمَهَا عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُواْ مَا بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ﴾

سورة الأنفال

That is because Allāh would not change a favor which He had bestowed upon a people until they change what is within themselves. And indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.

﴿ لَن يَنَالَ ٱللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَآؤُهَا وَلَٰكِن يَنَالُهُ ٱلتَّقۡوَىٰ مِنكُمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا لَكُمۡ لِتُكَبِّرُواْ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمۡۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ﴾

سورة الحج

37. It is neither their meat nor their blood that reaches Allâh, but it is piety from you that reaches Him. Thus have We made them subject to you that you may magnify Allâh for His Guidance to you. And give glad tidings (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) to the Muhsinûn [7] (doers of good).

﴿ ٱلتَّٰٓئِبُونَ ٱلۡعَٰبِدُونَ ٱلۡحَٰمِدُونَ ٱلسَّٰٓئِحُونَ ٱلرَّٰكِعُونَ ٱلسَّٰجِدُونَ ٱلۡأٓمِرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَٱلنَّاهُونَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَٱلۡحَٰفِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾

سورة التوبة

112. (The believers whose lives Allâh has purchased are) those who turn to Allâh in repentance (from polytheism and hypocrisy, etc.), who worship (Him), who praise (Him), who fast (or go out in Allâh’s Cause), who bow down (in prayer), who prostrate themselves (in prayer), who enjoin (on people) Al-Ma‘rûf (i.e. Islâmic Monotheism and all what Islâm has ordained) and forbid (people) from Al-Munkar (i.e. disbelief, polytheism of all kinds and all that Islâm has forbidden), and who observe the limits set by Allâh (do all that Allâh has ordained and abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which Allâh has forbidden). And give glad tidings to the believers.[22]

﴿ إِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِ ءَايَٰتُنَا قَالَ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ﴾

سورة القلم

When Our verses are recited to him, he says, “Ancient fables!”

﴿ وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهُۥ مِن رَّحۡمَتِنَآ أَخَاهُ هَٰرُونَ نَبِيّٗا ﴾

سورة مريم

And We gave him out of Our mercy his brother Aaron as a prophet.

﴿ لِمِثۡلِ هَٰذَا فَلۡيَعۡمَلِ ٱلۡعَٰمِلُونَ ﴾

سورة الصافات

For such [reward] let the workers work.

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Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to run the water around his elbows while performing ablution.

Al-Bayhaqi - Narrated by Ad-Daraqutny

This Hadīth indicates that among the obligations of ablution is to wash the hands up to the elbows. Stressing the necessity of washing the elbows thoroughly indicates that they are included in the washing of hands.

Abu Hurayrah reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The prayer of a person who does not perform ablution is invalid, and the ablution of a person who does not mention the name of Allah is invalid."

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Alla's peace and blessings be upon him) judged the prayer of a person who did not perform ablution to be invalid, and so is the ablution of a person who did not mention the name of Allah at its start. The Hadīth clearly states that that it is compulsory to mention Allah's name when beginning ablution. Therefore, intentionally leaving it invalidates one's ablution. However, leaving it out of ignorance or forgetfulness does not invalidate it.

Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb said to me: A man performed ablution and left a small part on his foot equal to the size of a nail unwashed. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saw that and said: "Go back and perform your ablution properly." He performed it again and prayed.

Narrated by Muslim

‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saw a man who had just finished performing ablution leaving a spot on his foot, the size of a fingernail, unwashed. He said to him while pointing to the place that was not properly washed: Go back and perform your ablution properly and perfectly and wash each organ properly with water. So, the man went back, performed ablution perfectly, and then prayed.

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to take a ritual bath with one Sā‘ up to five Mudds, and he used to perform ablution with one Mudd.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to take a bath for Janābah (sexual impurity) with one Sā‘ to five Mudds and perform ablution with one Mudd. A Sā‘ equals four Mudds, and a Mudd is the amount that would fill the palms of an average-sized person.

‘Uqbah ibn ‘Āmir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were entrusted with the task of tending the camels. When I returned from my shift in the evening, I found the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) standing and addressing the people. I heard him saying: "There is no Muslim who performs ablution well and then stands and prays two Rak‘ahs while focused on them with his heart and his face, except that Paradise will be guaranteed for him." I said: "What a fine thing this is!" Thereupon, I heard someone in front of me saying: "What he said before it was even finer." I looked and it was ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb, who said: "I see that you have just come." He said: "If anyone of you performs ablution thoroughly and then says, 'I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the servant and Messenger of Allah', the eight gates of Paradise will be opened for him and he may enter from whichever of them he wishes."

Narrated by Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) pointed out two great virtues while addressing the people: First: Whoever performs ablution well, thoroughly, completely, and perfectly in the prescribed manner, and gives each limb its due amount of water, and then says, I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the servant and Messenger of Allah, the eight gates of Paradise will be opened for him, and he may enter through whichever one he wishes. Second: Whoever performs this complete and perfect ablution and then stands up and offers two Rak‘ahs, turning to them with his heart in sincerity and Khushū‘ (humility and focus), and submitting his face and all the parts of his body to Allah, Paradise will be guaranteed for him.

‘Abd Khayr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "If the religion was based on reason, the wiping over the sock would be done underneath rather than the on the top. However, I saw the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) wiping over the top of his leather socks."

Narrated by Abu Daoud

‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said that if the religion were to be based on reason instead of revelation, then wiping the bottom of the socks would be more appropriate than wiping over the top, as the bottom part is what touches the ground and dirt and therefore would make more sense to wipe the bottom. However, Islamic law says the otherwise, and adherence to it is obligatory and anything suggesting otherwise should be disregarded. ‘Ali saw the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) wiping over the top of his sock. What the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) did, conforms with common sense from another aspect. That is because, if he wiped the bottom of his sock with water, it would result in it picking up impurities, so instead, he wiped over the top to remove any dust that was stuck there, as the top of the sock is what is seen and thus wiping it makes more sense. Significantly, none of the rulings of Islamic law contradicts sound intellect; however, this is sometimes hidden from people of intellect (humans).

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If any of you makes ablution and puts on his leather socks, let him pray while having them on, and let him wipe over them without taking them off, if he wishes, except in the state of Janābah (major ritual impurity)."

Narrated by Ad-Daraqutny

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarifies that if a Muslim puts on his leather socks after performing ablution, then later he becomes in the state of Hadath (minor ritual impurity) and wants to make ablution, he is permitted to wipe over them if he wishes. He can pray while having them on without taking them off for a specific period unless he becomes in the state of Janābah, in which case he must take off the leather socks to take a ritual bath.

‘Urwah reported that ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) kissed some of his wives, and then went out for prayer without making ablution.” ‘Urwah said to her: "Who is she, if not you?" So she laughed.

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - An-Nasaa’i - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad

In this Hadīth, ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) kissed one of his wives, then he went to prayer without performing ablution. 'Urwah who narrated the Hadīth from ‘Ā’ishah recognized that the anonymous wife was ‘Ā’ishah herself. When he remarked that, she laughed in confirmation of his correct perception. That the Prophet did not make a new ablution indicates that touching or kissing one's wife does not invalidate one's ablution, whether with lust or without. The original state is the validity of one's ablution, which does not become invalid, unless there is an indisputable proof. There is no such proof on the termination of the state of ablution at all when touching one's wife. As for the Qur'anic reference to touching women, it means having sexual intercourse with one's wife, according to Ibn ‘Abbās and a group of scholars. Since kissing one's wife is mostly with lust, this indicates that touching one's wife with lust does not terminate one's ablution. The ablution is terminated only when kissing or touching is accompanied with ejaculation.

Talq ibn ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and a man, who seemed to be a Bedouin, came forward and said: "O Prophet, what do you say regarding the man who touches his penis after making ablution?" The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Is it not but a piece of him." Or he said: "a part of him."

Narrated by At-Termedhy - An-Nasaa’i - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad

The question: "What do you say regarding the man who touches his penis after making ablution?", i.e. what is the religious ruling regarding touching the penis after making ablution; is there anything that one has to do? In a narration from Ahmad: "A man touches his penis in the prayer, does he have to make ablution (again)?" He (the Prophet) said: "No, it is only a part of you." The statement: "Is it not but a piece of him," or "a part of him", i.e. the penis is like the rest of the body parts. If someone who is in the state of ablution touches his hand or leg or nose or head, this will not nullify his ablution. The same applies if he touches his penis. This Hadīth is either abrogated or it is understood to mean touching the penis with a barrier, such as touching it from over the clothes. As for touching it directly with the hand, this nullifies ablution as stated in other Hadīths.

’Umm ‘Atiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), the one who pledged allegiance to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), reported: After becoming pure (from menstruation), we would not consider brownish and yellowish discharges to be of any significance.

Literally narrated by Abu Daoud but narrated by Bukhari without the words, "After purification"