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﴿ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيۡنٍ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗى فَٱكۡتُبُوهُۚ وَلۡيَكۡتُب بَّيۡنَكُمۡ كَاتِبُۢ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚ وَلَا يَأۡبَ كَاتِبٌ أَن يَكۡتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ ٱللَّهُۚ فَلۡيَكۡتُبۡ وَلۡيُمۡلِلِ ٱلَّذِي عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَلۡيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا يَبۡخَسۡ مِنۡهُ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ فَإِن كَانَ ٱلَّذِي عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوۡ ضَعِيفًا أَوۡ لَا يَسۡتَطِيعُ أَن يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلۡيُمۡلِلۡ وَلِيُّهُۥ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚ وَٱسۡتَشۡهِدُواْ شَهِيدَيۡنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمۡۖ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيۡنِ فَرَجُلٞ وَٱمۡرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرۡضَوۡنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰۚ وَلَا يَأۡبَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُواْۚ وَلَا تَسۡـَٔمُوٓاْ أَن تَكۡتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا أَوۡ كَبِيرًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ أَقۡسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقۡوَمُ لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ وَأَدۡنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَرۡتَابُوٓاْ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً حَاضِرَةٗ تُدِيرُونَهَا بَيۡنَكُمۡ فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٌ أَلَّا تَكۡتُبُوهَاۗ وَأَشۡهِدُوٓاْ إِذَا تَبَايَعۡتُمۡۚ وَلَا يُضَآرَّ كَاتِبٞ وَلَا شَهِيدٞۚ وَإِن تَفۡعَلُواْ فَإِنَّهُۥ فُسُوقُۢ بِكُمۡۗ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۖ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ ٱللَّهُۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٞ ﴾
سورة البقرة
282. O you who believe! When you contract a debt for a fixed period, write it down. Let a scribe write it down in justice between you. Let not the scribe refuse to write as Allâh has taught him, so let him write. Let him (the debtor) who incurs the liability dictate, and he must fear Allâh, his Lord, and diminish not anything of what he owes. But if the debtor is of poor understanding, or weak, or is unable to dictate for himself, then let his guardian dictate in justice. And get two witnesses out of your own men. And if there are not two men (available), then a man and two women, such as you agree for witnesses, so that if one of them (two women) errs, the other can remind her. And the witnesses should not refuse when they are called (for evidence). You should not become weary to write it (your contract), whether it be small or big, for its fixed term, that is more just with Allâh; more solid as evidence, and more convenient to prevent doubts among yourselves, save when it is a present trade which you carry out on the spot among yourselves, then there is no sin on you if you do not write it down. But take witnesses whenever you make a commercial contract. Let neither scribe nor witness suffer any harm, but if you do (such harm), it would be wickedness in you. So be afraid of Allâh; and Allâh teaches you. And Allâh is the All-Knower of each and everything.
﴿ وَإِذۡ قَالَ إِبۡرَٰهِـۧمُ رَبِّ ٱجۡعَلۡ هَٰذَا بَلَدًا ءَامِنٗا وَٱرۡزُقۡ أَهۡلَهُۥ مِنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ مِنۡهُم بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِۚ قَالَ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَأُمَتِّعُهُۥ قَلِيلٗا ثُمَّ أَضۡطَرُّهُۥٓ إِلَىٰ عَذَابِ ٱلنَّارِۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ﴾
سورة البقرة
And [remember] when Abraham said, “My Lord, make this city [of Makkah] a sanctuary and provide its people with fruits – those among them who believe in Allah and the Last Day.” [Allah] said, “As for those who disbelieve, I will grant them enjoyment for a short while, then I will force them into the punishment of the Fire. What a terrible destination!”
﴿ ذَٰلِكَ مَبۡلَغُهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَن ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦ وَهُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَنِ ٱهۡتَدَىٰ ﴾
سورة النجم
That is their sum of knowledge. Indeed, your Lord is most knowing of who strays from His way, and He is most knowing of who is guided.
﴿ أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلۡمَلَإِ مِنۢ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذۡ قَالُواْ لِنَبِيّٖ لَّهُمُ ٱبۡعَثۡ لَنَا مَلِكٗا نُّقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۖ قَالَ هَلۡ عَسَيۡتُمۡ إِن كُتِبَ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡقِتَالُ أَلَّا تُقَٰتِلُواْۖ قَالُواْ وَمَا لَنَآ أَلَّا نُقَٰتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَدۡ أُخۡرِجۡنَا مِن دِيَٰرِنَا وَأَبۡنَآئِنَاۖ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوۡاْ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّنۡهُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ﴾
سورة البقرة
Have you not considered the assembly of the Children of Israel after [the time of] Moses when they said to a prophet of theirs, "Send to us a king, and we will fight in the way of Allāh"? He said, "Would you perhaps refrain from fighting if battle was prescribed for you?" They said, "And why should we not fight in the cause of Allāh when we have been driven out from our homes and from our children?" But when battle was prescribed for them, they turned away, except for a few of them. And Allāh is Knowing of the wrongdoers.
﴿ إِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ لَفِي خُسۡرٍ ﴾
سورة العصر
2. Verily, man is in loss,
﴿ وَبَدَا لَهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتُ مَا عَمِلُواْ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ﴾
سورة الجاثية
33. And the evil of what they did will appear to them, and that which they used to mock at will completely encircle them.
﴿ وَلَنَبۡلُوَنَّكُمۡ حَتَّىٰ نَعۡلَمَ ٱلۡمُجَٰهِدِينَ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ وَنَبۡلُوَاْ أَخۡبَارَكُمۡ ﴾
سورة محمد
And We will surely test you until We make evident those who strive among you [for the cause of Allāh] and the patient, and We will test your affairs.
﴿ وَلَقَدۡ صَرَّفۡنَٰهُ بَيۡنَهُمۡ لِيَذَّكَّرُواْ فَأَبَىٰٓ أَكۡثَرُ ٱلنَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُورٗا ﴾
سورة الفرقان
We distribute it among them so that they may take heed[27], but most people persist in their ingratitude.
﴿ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِيَسۡتَـٔۡذِنكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَبۡلُغُواْ ٱلۡحُلُمَ مِنكُمۡ ثَلَٰثَ مَرَّٰتٖۚ مِّن قَبۡلِ صَلَوٰةِ ٱلۡفَجۡرِ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُم مِّنَ ٱلظَّهِيرَةِ وَمِنۢ بَعۡدِ صَلَوٰةِ ٱلۡعِشَآءِۚ ثَلَٰثُ عَوۡرَٰتٖ لَّكُمۡۚ لَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَلَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ جُنَاحُۢ بَعۡدَهُنَّۚ طَوَّٰفُونَ عَلَيۡكُم بَعۡضُكُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ ﴾
سورة النور
O you who have believed, let those whom your right hands possess and those who have not [yet] reached puberty among you ask permission of you [before entering] at three times: before the dawn prayer and when you put aside your clothing [for rest] at noon and after the night prayer. [These are] three times of privacy[1002] for you. There is no blame upon you nor upon them beyond these [periods], for they continually circulate among you - some of you, among others. Thus does Allāh make clear to you the verses [i.e., His ordinances]; and Allāh is Knowing and Wise.
﴿ ٱلَّذِينَ يَبۡخَلُونَ وَيَأۡمُرُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ بِٱلۡبُخۡلِ وَيَكۡتُمُونَ مَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦۗ وَأَعۡتَدۡنَا لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ عَذَابٗا مُّهِينٗا ﴾
سورة النساء
37. Those who are miserly and enjoin miserliness on other men and hide what Allâh has bestowed upon them of His Bounties. And We have prepared for the disbelievers a disgraceful torment.[11]
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "If only you rely upon Allah the way you should, He will provide for you as He provides for birds: They set out hungry in the morning and return with full bellies in the evening."
Narrated by At-Termedhy & Ibn Majah & Ahmad
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) urges us to rely upon Allah Almighty in bringing about benefits and warding off evils in terms of worldly and religious affairs, for indeed, no one gives or withholds and causes harm or brings benefit except He, Exalted be He. And that we should pursue the proper means to achieve the benefits and avert the evils while relying on Allah. Once we do this, Allah will provide for us as He provides for birds, who go hungry in the morning and return in the evening with full bellies. This practice of the birds falls under the pursuit of the proper means of seeking sustenance without lethargy and passive reliance.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), narrating from his Almighty Lord, said: "A servant committed a sin and said: 'O Allah, forgive my sin,’ and Allah Almighty said: ‘My servant committed a sin and then realized that he has a Lord Who forgives sins and punishes for sins.' Then, he committed a sin again and said: ‘My Lord, forgive my sin,’ and Allah Almighty said: ‘My servant committed a sin and then realized that he has a Lord Who forgives sins and punishes for sins.’ He again committed a sin and said: ‘My Lord, forgive my sin,’ and Allah Almighty said: ‘My servant committed a sin and then realized that he has a Lord Who forgives sins and punishes for sins. Do whatever you wish, for I have forgiven you.'"
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) narrates from his Lord that if a servant commits a sin and then says, "O Allah, forgive my sin", Allah Almighty says: My servant committed a sin and then realized that he has a Lord Who forgives sins, covers him and pardons him, or punishes for sins. I have forgiven him. Then, the servant again commits a sin and says, "O Allah, forgive my sin", and Allah says: My servant committed a sin and then realized that he has a Lord Who forgives sins, covers him and pardons him, or punishes for sins. I have forgiven My servant. Then, again, the servant commits a sin and says, "O Allah, forgive my sin", and Allah says: My servant committed a sin and then realises that he has a Lord Who forgives sins, covers him and pardons him, or punishes for sins. I have forgiven My servant. Let him do whatever he wishes, as long as he gives it up every time he sins, feels regretful, and determines not to do it again; yet, his self overcomes him, and he falls into the sin again and again. So, as long as he acts like this, sinning and repenting, I will forgive him. Indeed, repentance abolishes what is before it.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Those who act justly will be with Allah on pulpits of light at the right Hand of the Most Compassionate, Exalted be He, and both His Hands are right. They are those who are just in their judgment and towards their people and what is under their charge."
Narrated by Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs that those who judge justly among their people and those under their authority will sit on the Day of Judgment on lofty and elevated pulpits created from light in honor of them. These pulpits are at the right Hand of the Most Compassionate, and both His Hands are right, Exalted be He.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you know what backbiting is?" They said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said: "It is to say of your brother what he dislikes." It was said: "What do you think if what I say of my brother is true?" He said: "If what you say of him is true, you have backbitten him; and if not, you have slandered him."
Narrated by Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified the prohibited backbiting, which is to speak about an absent Muslim in a way he dislikes, whether you mention traits related to his manners or appearance, like saying the one-eyed man, the cheater, the liar, and or any other reprehensible trait, even if it truly exists in him. However, if the trait does not exist in him, this is worse than backbiting. This is slander, which is to fabricate bad things about someone.
Khawlah al-Ansāriyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Some people dispose of Allah's property wrongfully. For them will be Hellfire on the Day of Judgment."
Narrated by Bukhari
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) spoke about people who unjustly dispose of the Muslims' property and take it wrongfully. This is a general meaning regarding wealth, which was earned and collected through improper means and spent improperly. Falling under this category are consuming the orphans' wealth, unduly handling endowment money, denying trusts, and taking public funds without any right. Then, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed us that their punishment will be Hellfire on the Day of Judgment.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Beware of false thought, for false thought is the most untruth speech. Do not search for the faults of one another, do not spy on one another, do not envy one another, do not turn your backs on one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibits and warns against some of what could lead to dissension and enmity among Muslims. This includes the following: "Zhann" (false thought): It is a baseless suspicion arising in the heart, and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that it is the falsest of speech. "Tahassus" (searching for faults): It is to look for others' flaws through the eye or the ear. "Tajassus" (spying): It is searching for hidden affairs, and it is mostly used in a negative context. "Hasad" (envy): It is hating to see others enjoying a blessing. "Tadābur" (turning one's back on others): It is turning away from one another and refraining from greeting or visiting one's Muslim brother. "Tabāghud" (harboring hatred): It is malice and aversion such as harming others, frowning, and meeting people in a bad manner. Then, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said a comprehensive statement that guarantees maintaining good relations between Muslims, saying: "And be, O slaves of Allah, brothers". Brotherhood is a bond that unites people and enhances love and familiarity among them.
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "All human beings are sinners, and the best of the sinners are the frequent repenters."
Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - Narrated by Ahmad - Ad-Daarimi
Human beings are prone to sin, owing to their natural weakness that leads them not to observe Allah's commands and prohibitions. However, Allah, the Almighty, has opened the door of repentance for His slaves, informing that the best of sinners are those who frequently repent.
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Every act of goodness is charity."
Narrated by Bukhari through Jaber's hadith and narrated by Muslim through Hudhaifa's hadith
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs that every goodness and benefit for others, whether in words or deeds, is regarded as a charity, and its doer obtains a reward for it.
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "Do not belittle any good deed, even if it be meeting your brother with a cheerful face."
Narrated by Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) urges us to do good and not belittle any act of goodness, even if it is simple. An example is meeting one another with a cheerful face. A Muslim should be keen on doing this, for it brings a sense of friendliness and joy to his Muslim brother.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The strong man is not the one who can overpower others; rather, the strong man is the one who controls himself when he is angry."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) points out that true strength is not the strength of a person's body or his ability to overpower other strong men. But a truly strong person is one who strives to control and restrain himself while in a fit of rage. This indicates the power he exercises over himself and his ability to overpower the devil.
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Variation of reward for good deeds is based on sincerity and following of the Prophet’s guidance. The more a person is sincere to Allah, and the keener he is on following the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), the more perfect his worship will be, and consequently his reward will be bigger.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
People differ with regards to their acts of worship according to their intentions. The intentions of some people have reached the ultimate level of sincerity (to Allah) and keenness in following the Sunnah (of the Messenger of Allah) with regard to doing good and righteous deeds, while the intentions of others are below that.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Anyone partaking a role with transgressors and wrongdoers will share their punishment because it is inclusive.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Actions are recompensed according to the intentions behind them, and the individual shall receive the reward of what he intended even if the outcome was contrary to his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
There is not a single good deed intended sincerely to please Allah except that its doer will be raised in rank and status thereby, so that he would reap the full reward.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Love and contentment is measured by good deeds and intentions because they are the criteria for Allah’s acceptance of the servant; perhaps a small deed reaps great reward because of the intention behind it and perhaps a big deed reaps little reward because of the intention behind it
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
One of the proofs Allah supports the servant is the latter’s sincere endeavor to rectify his intention and purify his heart by good deeds.
هدايات لشرح رياض الصالحين