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﴿ لِّكُلِّ أُمَّةٖ جَعَلۡنَا مَنسَكًا هُمۡ نَاسِكُوهُۖ فَلَا يُنَٰزِعُنَّكَ فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِۚ وَٱدۡعُ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَۖ إِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ هُدٗى مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ﴾

سورة الحج

For every community We ordained ways[35] of worship which they follow, so do not let them dispute with you [O Prophet] in this matter. But call them to your Lord, for you are indeed on the straight guidance.

﴿ إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلُۢ بِهِۦ جِنَّةٞ فَتَرَبَّصُواْ بِهِۦ حَتَّىٰ حِينٖ ﴾

سورة المؤمنون

He is just a madman, so bear with him for a while[7].”

﴿ وَيَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ تَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَبُواْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ وُجُوهُهُم مُّسۡوَدَّةٌۚ أَلَيۡسَ فِي جَهَنَّمَ مَثۡوٗى لِّلۡمُتَكَبِّرِينَ ﴾

سورة الزمر

On the Day of Resurrection, you will see those who lied against Allah with their faces darkened. Is there not in Hell an abode for the arrogant?

﴿ وَيُنذِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ ٱتَّخَذَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَدٗا ﴾

سورة الكهف

And to warn those who say, "Allāh has taken a son."

﴿ وَإِلَى ٱلۡجِبَالِ كَيۡفَ نُصِبَتۡ ﴾

سورة الغاشية

19. And at the mountains, how they are rooted (and fixed firm)?

﴿ وَمَا بِكُم مِّن نِّعۡمَةٖ فَمِنَ ٱللَّهِۖ ثُمَّ إِذَا مَسَّكُمُ ٱلضُّرُّ فَإِلَيۡهِ تَجۡـَٔرُونَ ﴾

سورة النحل

And whatever you have of favor - it is from Allāh. Then when adversity touches you, to Him you cry for help.

﴿ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلرَّجۡفَةُ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ فِي دَارِهِمۡ جَٰثِمِينَ ﴾

سورة العنكبوت

37. And they belied him [Shu‘aib]: so the earthquake seized them, and they lay (dead), prostrate in their dwellings.

﴿ وَيَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَن ذِي ٱلۡقَرۡنَيۡنِۖ قُلۡ سَأَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡكُم مِّنۡهُ ذِكۡرًا ﴾

سورة الكهف

83. And they ask you about Dhul-Qarnain. Say: "I shall recite to you something of his story."

﴿ أَفَأَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ مَكَرُواْ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن يَخۡسِفَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَهُمُ ٱلۡعَذَابُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ﴾

سورة النحل

45. Do then those who devise evil plots feel secure that Allâh will not sink them into the earth, or that the torment will not seize them from directions they perceive not?

﴿ وَلَا يَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ سَبَقُوٓاْۚ إِنَّهُمۡ لَا يُعۡجِزُونَ ﴾

سورة الأنفال

The disbelievers should not think that they are unreachable; they cannot escape.

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Mu‘ādhah reported: 'I asked ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her): "Why does the menstruating woman make up for her missed fasts but does not make up for the missed prayers?" She said: "Are you a Harūriyyah?" I said: "I am not a Harūriyyah, but I am just asking." She said: "That would happen to us, so we were ordered to make up for the fasts but were not ordered to make up for the prayers."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Mu‘ādhah asked ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) why women make up for the fasts which they miss during their menstruation but do not make up for the prayers, although both fasting and praying are mandatory, and prayer is even greater than fasting. The deviant sect of Kharijites (also called Harūriyyah) were known for their strict approach to this question, and thus did not discriminate between the two acts of worship (i.e. they held that both prayer and fasting must be made up). Therefore, ‘Ā’ishah asked Mu‘ādhah if she were such a hardliner. She replied that she was not, but only asked to learn and seek guidance. So ‘Ā’ishah said that when women had their menstrual cycle during the life of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) they would stop praying and fasting during menstruation, and he would command them to make up for the fasts they missed but did not command them to make up for the missed prayers. Had making up for prayers been obligatory, he would have commanded it and not remain silent about it. It is as if ‘Ā’ishah is telling her: It is sufficient as wisdom and guidance to comply with the commands of Allah and His Messenger and abide by the limits they set.

Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn ‘Ali ibn Abi Tālib reported that he and his father were with Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh, who had some people sitting with him. They asked him about the ritual bath. He replied: "One Sā‘ of water is sufficient for you." A man said: "It is not sufficient for me." Thereupon, Jābir said: "It was sufficient for someone who had more hair than you and was better than you (meaning the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him)." Then, Jābir led them in prayer while wearing one garment. In another narration: "The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to pour water over his head thrice.”

Narrated by Muslim - Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ibn ‘Ali and his father were visiting the noble Companion Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) and he had some people with him. One of the men asked Jābir how much water would be sufficient for the ritual bath, and he replied: "One Sā‘ of water is sufficient for you." Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, who was one of those people sitting with Jābir, said that this amount was not sufficient for him to take a ritual bath. So, Jābir said that it was sufficient for someone who had more hair than him, and who was better than him, and therefore more careful than him regarding his purity and his religion (referring to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). This is meant to urge Muslims to follow the Sunnah and avoid wasting water while taking a ritual bath. Then Jābir led them in prayer.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to recline in my lap and recite the Qur'an during my menstruation.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to recline in her lap and recite the Qur'an while she was having her menses. This indicates that the body of the menstruating woman is pure, and does not become impure because of menstruation.

Umm Qays bint Mihsan al-Asadiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: I brought my baby boy, who had not started eating solid food, to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). He took him and sat him on his lap. The baby urinated on the Prophet's garment. So he asked for water and sprinkled it over his garment, but did not wash it. ‘Ā'ishah, the Mother of the Believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: A baby boy was brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and he urinated on the Prophet's clothes. So, he asked for water and sprinkled it over it. In another narration: "He sprinkled some of the water on his urine, but did not wash it.”

Narrated by Muslim - Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) used to go to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with their children, so that they could receive the Prophet's blessing and ask him to supplicate for them. Out of kindness and noble morals, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to meet them cheerfully and with a smile. Umm Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) came with her son, who was still being breastfed and had not yet reached the age of eating solid food. Out of his mercy, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) took the boy and sat him on his lap. The boy urinated on the Prophet's clothes, thereupon, he called for some water. He sprinkled some water on the spot of the urine, but he did not wash it. This ruling is exclusive to the male suckling.

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If he sits between her four limbs and exerts himself (by having sexual intercourse with her), the ritual bath becomes obligatory." Another version adds: "even if he does not ejaculate."

Narrated by Muslim - Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

If a man sits between a woman's four limbs, i.e. her arms and legs, and he inserts his male organ into her vagina, then it is obligatory on both of them to take a ritual bath in order to remove the major ritual impurity even if no semen is discharged. Penetration on its own necessitates ritual bath.

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have told you repeatedly to use the tooth-stick."

Narrated by Bukhari

Hadīth explanation: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stressed using the tooth-stick. He repeatedly advised his followers to use it at all times, as a recommended action and not an obligation, due to the many and great benefits it involves, the greatest of which is that it is pleasing to Allah, Glorified and Exalted, [as mentioned in the famous authentic Hadīth: “The tooth-stick cleanses the mouth and pleases the Lord.”

Zirr ibn Hubaysh reported: I went to Safwān ibn ‘Assāl (may Allah be pleased with him) to inquire about wiping over leather socks. He asked me: "What brought you here, O Zirr?" I answered: "Pursuit of knowledge." He said: "Indeed, the angels lower their wings for the seeker of knowledge out of joy for what he seeks." I told him: "I entertain some doubts regarding wiping over leather socks after defecation or urination. Now since you are one of the Prophet’s Companions, I have come to ask you whether you heard him say anything about this!" He replied in the affirmative and said: "He instructed us that during a journey, we need not take off our leather socks for up to three days and nights, except in case of Janābah. In other cases such as sleeping, relieving oneself, or urinating, it is sufficient to wipe over leather socks." Then, I asked him: "Did you hear him say anything about love?" He replied: "Yes. While we were with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) on a journey, a Bedouin called out in a loud voice: 'O Muhammad!' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) replied in the same tone: 'Here I am!' I said to the Bedouin: 'Woe to you! Lower your voice, for you are in the Prophet’s presence, where you are not allowed to do so.' He said: 'By Allah! I will not lower my voice.’ Then, addressing the Prophet, he said: 'What about a person who loves some people but cannot catch up with them?' The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied: 'A person shall be with those whom he loves on the Day of Judgment.' He kept speaking to us, and during his speech he mentioned a gate in the direction of the west, the width of which or the rider crosses its width in forty or seventy years." Sufyān, one of the narrators, said: "This gate lies in the direction of the Levant. Allah, the Almighty, created it on the day He created the heavens and the earth. It is open for repentance and will not be closed until the sun rises from that direction.

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - Narrated by Ahmad

Zirr ibn Hubaysh went to Safwān ibn ‘Assāl (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask about wiping over leather socks. Safwān asked him about the reason for his coming. "To seek knowledge," he replied. Thereupon, Safwān informed him that the angels stop their wings from flying and stay calm out of reverence for the seeker of knowledge and joy about his object of pursuit. Zirr said: I am confused and doubtful about wiping over leather socks after urination or defecation, as to whether this is permissible or not. Safwān clarified to him that this is permissible, since the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) instructed that whenever they were on a journey, they need not take off their leather socks, except for washing after sexual impurity, in which case one should take off his footwear and the like. But when a person performs ablution after sleeping or answering the call of nature, he may wipe over his leather socks. Thereafter, Zirr ibn Hubaysh asked Safwān whether he heard the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say anything about love. Safwān replied in the affirmative and then related a story involving a loud-voiced Bedouin who came and called out loudly: O Muhammad! So, he was reprimanded for speaking loudly to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) whereas Allah, the Almighty, says: {O you who have believed, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet or be loud to him in speech like the loudness of some of you to others, lest your deeds become worthless while you perceive not} [Sūrat al-Hujurāt: 2]. Bedouins, however, do not embrace etiquette and good manners, for they live away from cities and are removed from knowledge. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied to him in a similar tone. An example of the perfect guidance and wisdom, he would treat everyone in a manner that suits their understanding. That is why he addressed him similarly. Then, the Bedouin asked: "What about a person who loves some people but cannot catch up with them?" In other words, a person may love certain people but he lags behind in terms of good deeds. Will he be in their company or not? The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) made it clear that "a person shall be with those he loves on the Day of Judgment." Zirr added: Then, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) kept speaking to us, and during his speech he mentioned a gate in the direction of the west, the distance between its ends, or the amount of time it takes a rider to cross its width, is forty or seventy years. It lies in the direction of Syria. Allah, the Almighty, created it on the day He created the heavens and the earth. It is open for repentance and will not be closed until the sun rises from the west.

Sa‘īd ibn al-Hārith asked Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) on making ablution after eating food that was touched by fire. He said: "No. in the time of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) we would not find such food except rarely. So if we found it, we had no napkins except our palms, forearms, and feet. Then we would pray without making (a new) ablution.''

Narrated by Bukhari

Sa‘īd ibn al-Hārith asked Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) about making ablution after eating food that was touched by fire, i.e. cooked or grilled or the like, whether it was obligatory or not? Jābir replied that it was not obligatory. Then he cited evidence for that. He said that during the lifetime of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) such food was rare. If they happened to find it and eat it, they didn't have napkins to wipe away the grease; rather, they would lick their fingers then rub them in their palms, forearms, and feet. Then they would pray without making a new ablution.

Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: "Can we perform ablution from the well of Budā‘ah, which is a well into which menstrual pads, dead dogs and stinky things are thrown?" He replied: "Water is pure and nothing makes it impure."

An-Nasaa’i - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that pure water does not become impure once impure things are thrown in it, as long as its color, taste or smell do not change.

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to take a ritual bath with water left over from Maymūnah (may Allah be pleased with her).

Narrated by Muslim