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﴿ ۞ أَفَلَا يَعۡلَمُ إِذَا بُعۡثِرَ مَا فِي ٱلۡقُبُورِ

سورة العاديات
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9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth (all mankind is resurrected)?

﴿ فَٱنطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَتَيَآ أَهۡلَ قَرۡيَةٍ ٱسۡتَطۡعَمَآ أَهۡلَهَا فَأَبَوۡاْ أَن يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارٗا يُرِيدُ أَن يَنقَضَّ فَأَقَامَهُۥۖ قَالَ لَوۡ شِئۡتَ لَتَّخَذۡتَ عَلَيۡهِ أَجۡرٗا

سورة الكهف
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77. Then they both proceeded, till, when they came to the people of a town, they asked them for food, but they refused to entertain them. Then they found therein a wall about to collapse and he (Khidr) set it up straight. [Mûsâ (Moses)] said: If you had wished, surely, you could have taken wages for it!"

﴿ هُوَ ٱلۡأَوَّلُ وَٱلۡأٓخِرُ وَٱلظَّٰهِرُ وَٱلۡبَاطِنُۖ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ

سورة الحديد
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3. He is the First (nothing is before Him) and the Last (nothing is after Him), the Most High (nothing is above Him) and the Most Near (nothing is nearer than Him). And He is the All-Knower of every thing.

﴿ قَالَ ءَامَنتُمۡ لَهُۥ قَبۡلَ أَنۡ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمۡۖ إِنَّهُۥ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ ٱلَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱلسِّحۡرَۖ فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَكُم مِّنۡ خِلَٰفٖ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمۡ فِي جُذُوعِ ٱلنَّخۡلِ وَلَتَعۡلَمُنَّ أَيُّنَآ أَشَدُّ عَذَابٗا وَأَبۡقَىٰ

سورة طه
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71. [Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said: "Believe you in him [Mûsâ (Moses)] before I give you permission? Verily he is your chief who has taught you magic. So I will surely cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides, and I will surely crucify you on the trunks of date-palms, and you shall surely know which of us [I (Fir‘aun - Pharaoh) or the Lord of Mûsâ (Moses) (Allâh)] can give the severe and more lasting torment."

﴿ قَالَ رَبُّ ٱلۡمَشۡرِقِ وَٱلۡمَغۡرِبِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَآۖ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡقِلُونَ

سورة الشعراء
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Moses said, “Lord of the east and west and all that is between them, if only you had sense!”

﴿ وَقَٰرُونَ وَفِرۡعَوۡنَ وَهَٰمَٰنَۖ وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَهُم مُّوسَىٰ بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا كَانُواْ سَٰبِقِينَ

سورة العنكبوت
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And [We destroyed] Qārūn and Pharaoh and Hāmān. And Moses had already come to them with clear evidences, and they were arrogant in the land, but they were not outrunners [of Our punishment].

﴿ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّا لَن نَّدۡخُلَهَآ أَبَدٗا مَّا دَامُواْ فِيهَا فَٱذۡهَبۡ أَنتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَٰتِلَآ إِنَّا هَٰهُنَا قَٰعِدُونَ

سورة المائدة
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24. They said: "O Mûsâ (Moses)! We shall never enter it as long as they are there. So go you and your Lord and fight you two, we are sitting right here."

﴿ فَمَكَثَ غَيۡرَ بَعِيدٖ فَقَالَ أَحَطتُ بِمَا لَمۡ تُحِطۡ بِهِۦ وَجِئۡتُكَ مِن سَبَإِۭ بِنَبَإٖ يَقِينٍ

سورة النمل
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It was not long before the hoopoe came and said, “I have learned something that you do not know; I come to you from Sheba with sure news.

﴿ عَلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ

سورة يس
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On a straight path.

﴿ أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ ٱفۡتَرَىٰهُۖ قُلۡ فَأۡتُواْ بِعَشۡرِ سُوَرٖ مِّثۡلِهِۦ مُفۡتَرَيَٰتٖ وَٱدۡعُواْ مَنِ ٱسۡتَطَعۡتُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ

سورة هود
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Or do they say, “He has fabricated it”? Say, “Then produce ten fabricated Chapters like it and seek help from whoever you can besides Allah, if you are truthful!”

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) Abu Bakr, and ‘Umar used to offer the Eid prayers before delivering the sermon.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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It was the habit of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and the rightly guided caliphs to lead the Eid prayer in both Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad'ha, then they would give the sermon. They would pray first then give the sermon, and Muslims kept doing so until Marwān's era came, so he rose over the pulpit and gave the sermon before the prayer.

‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever sleeps and fails to recite his nightly portion, or part of it, and then recites it between the Fajr prayer and the Zhuhr prayer, it will be recorded for him as if he recited it during the night."

Narrated by Muslim
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Hizb means part of something, like the Hizbs (parts) of the Qur’an. So if one is used to performing the (voluntary) prayer during the night, but he falls asleep and misses it completely or partially, and he then makes up for it between the Fajr prayer and the Zhuhr prayer, it will be as if he prayed it during that night. However, if one is used to perform Witr prayer at night, he must not perform it during the day in case he makes up for what he missed at night. Rather, he should add another Rak‘ah to the Witr. In other words, if he usually prays three Rak‘ahs as Witr, then he should make it four, or if he usually prays five, then let him make it six, and so on. The evidence for this is the Hadīth of ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) who related that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) when he was overcome by sleep or pain during the night, would pray twelve Rak‘ahs during the day. It should be noted that making up (for the missed night prayer) should be done after the sun has risen and has reached the height of a spear's length in order to avoid praying during the time that this is forbidden.

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came one day into the mosque and saw a rope stretched between two poles. He inquired: "What is this rope for?" He was told: "This is Zaynab's rope. When she feels tired (in voluntary prayer), she holds on to it for support." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Untie it. You should pray as long as you have the energy to do so. If you feel tired, then lie down."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) entered the mosque and saw a rope tied between two poles. He was surprised at that and asked why the rope was tied like that. The Companions (may Allah be pleased with him) answered that the rope belonged to Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her). She would pray lengthy voluntary prayers, and when she felt tired, she would continue to pray while holding on to the rope. He ordered them to remove the rope and instructed them to be moderate in worship without going to extremes and overburdening themselves so that they perform worship with energy and vitality.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came in while a woman was sitting with her. He said: "Who is she?" ‘Ā'ishah replied: "She is so-and-so," and told him about her (excessive) praying. He said disapprovingly: "Do (good) deeds according to your capacity, for by Allah, Allah never grows weary (of giving rewards) unless you grow weary (of doing good deeds), and the best deed in His sight is that which is done regularly.”

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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A woman came to visit ‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and mentioned to ‘Ā'ishah her abundant worship and prayer, so ‘Ā'ishah mentioned that to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). He expressed disapproval and forbade her from going to extremes in performing acts of worship, and instructed her not to overburden herself with things she could not handle. Then he informed her that Allah does not become tired of rewarding good deeds until one becomes tired of excessive worship and thus abandons it. One should thus only do what he will be able to continue doing regularly to continue receiving the reward of Allah for it.

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Whenever we stopped somewhere (during a journey) for rest, we would not offer (voluntary) prayer until we have unloaded the luggage from the mounts' backs.

Narrated by Abu Daoud
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Meaning of the Hadīth: Despite our eagerness to perform the prayer, we would not pray until after we have unloaded our luggage from the backs of the camels to let them rest.

Umm ‘Atiyyah reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) ordered us to bring out the young girls and the girls who stay home on the two Eid days, and ordered the menstruating women to distance themselves from the praying area of the Muslims. In another version of the Hadīth: “We have been ordered to come out on the Day of Eid, even bring out the virgin girls from their houses and the menstruating women; so they would say Takbīr along with them, invoke Allah along with them; hoping for the blessings of that day and its purification.”

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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The days of Eid al-Ad'ha and Eid al-Fitr are from the virtuous days of the year, on which the rituals of Islam become manifest, and Muslims brotherliness is demonstrated through their assembly and alignment on these days. Each country's people come together on a plain land manifesting their unity; solidarity and harmony; unanimously support Islam; raise the word of Allah (Islam); to establish the remembrance of Allah; and demonstrate its rituals. That is why the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered all of the women, even the young girls who remain in their homes and the menstruating women, to exit with the Muslims and attend this assembly, provided that they stay away from the area of worship; to attend the great day and supplication of Muslims. They will obtain thereupon some goodness and blessing of that day, and the mercy of Allah and His pleasure. Attending the two Eids' prayer is a communal obligation on the Muslims.

Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) offered voluntary prayer during the night, he would say: "O Allah, our Lord! All praise belongs to You. You are the Custodian of the heavens and the earth, all praise belongs to You. You are the Lord of the heavens and the earth and all what is in them, all praise belongs to You. You are the Light of the heavens and the earth and all that is in them. You are the Truth, Your speech is the Truth, Your promise is the Truth, Your meeting is the Truth, Paradise is true, Hell-fire is true, and the Hour is true. O Allah, to You I submit, in You I believe, upon You I rely, By Your help I contend with my foes, and to You I refer for judgment. So, forgive me the sins I committed in the past and those I may commit in the future, those I did secretly and those I did openly, and all that which You know of better than I do. There is no god but You.”

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
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When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would rise during the night to offer voluntary prayer, after making the initial Takbīr to start the prayer, he would say, “O Allah, our Lord! All praise belongs to You”, i.e. all praise is due to Allah, the Exalted, for He is the One who is praised for His attributes, His names, His blessings, His favors, His creation, His actions, His commands, and His judgment. He is the One who is praised in the beginning and at the end, externally and internally. Then he said: “You are the Custodian of the heavens and the earth”, i.e. You are the One who brought them into existence from nothingness, the One who takes care of them with what will benefit them and maintain them. You are the Creator, the Provider, the Owner, the Manager, the Giver of life, and the Giver of death. Then he said: “All praise belongs to You, You are the Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is in them”, i.e. You are their Owner and the owner of all that is in them, the Disposer of their affairs according to Your will. You brought them into existence from nothingness, so the kingdom belongs to You. No one other than You shares the dominion or manages the affairs, Blessed and Exalted You are. Then he said: “All praise belongs to You, You are the Light of the heavens and the earth and all that is in them”, i.e. one of His attributes is that He is light, and He concealed Himself from His creation by light. He, may He be glorified, illuminates the heavens and the earth, and is the Guide of the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth. It is not right to deny the attribute of light from Allah, Exalted, nor to interpret it. Then he said: “You are the Truth”, and the Truth is one of His names and attributes. He is the Truth in His essence and attributes. His existence is imperative, His attributes and characteristics are perfect. His existence is one of His inseparable attributes, and nothing exists except by Him. Then he said: “Your speech is the Truth”, i.e. all that You say is true, right and just. Falsehood cannot approach it from before it or from behind it. There is no falsehood in its reports, judgment, legislation, nor in its promise or warning. Then he said: “Your promise is the Truth”, i.e. You do not break the promise, so whatever You have promised must occur just as You promised it, neither broken nor changed. Then he said: “Your meeting is the Truth”, i.e. it is inevitable that the slaves will meet You and You will reward them for their deeds. The meeting includes seeing Allah, Glorified and Exalted. Then he said: “Paradise is true and Hell-fire is true”, i.e. both of them are established and existing, as You informed us that both of them are prepared for their inhabitants. They are the permanent abode and the final destination of the slaves. Then he said: “The Hour is true”, i.e. the coming of the Day of Judgment is a truth concerning which there is no doubt. It is established and must take place. It is the end of this world and the beginning of the Hereafter. His statement: “O Allah, to You I submit” means I surrender to Your judgment, yield to it and accept it. His statement: "in You I believe” means I have believed in You and what You sent down, and I have acted upon it. "Upon You I rely” means I have depended on You and entrusted my affairs to You. “By your help I contend with my foes” means I have used the proofs You brought to refute and defeat the one who is obstinate (in rejecting the truth). "To You I refer for judgment” means I have made You the Judge between me and anyone who refuses to accept the truth or opposes it, thereby refusing the judgment of all "Tāghūts" (i.e. false gods), such as man-made laws, soothsayers or anything from which mankind seeks a judgment, including principles which are baseless in the sight of the Islamic law. His statement: “So, forgive me the sins I committed in the past and those I may commit in the future, those I did secretly and those I did openly, and all that which You know of better than I do” means forgive all the sins that I have already committed and all the ones that I will commit; those that are apparent to anyone of Your creatures and those that are hidden from them, and those which no one knows of except You. Then he concluded his supplication with the statement: “There is no god but You”, therefore I do not turn towards anything except You. Anything worshiped other than You is false, and calling upon it is error and its consequence is evil. This is the pure monotheism that the messengers of Allah brought and it is what Allah has imposed upon His slaves.

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Whenever we stopped at a place (during a journey) for rest, we would not offer any (voluntary) prayer until we unloaded the luggage from the riding animals.

Narrated by Abu Daoud
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Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Companions (may Allah be pleased with him) traveled and then stopped for rest or reached their destination, they would not hasten to perform the supererogatory prayer, despite their keenness to pray, until they unloaded the riding animals that carried their luggage. Out of mercy towards animals, they would hurry to remove the luggage off their backs to relieve them of their loads.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: One night, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) performed Qiyām while reciting a single verse from the Qur'an (over and over again).

Narrated by At-Termedhy
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According to this Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) once performed the voluntary night prayer while repeating a single verse from the Qur'an again and again. According to other narrations of the same Hadīth, this verse was: {If You should punish them - indeed they are Your servants; but if You forgive them - indeed it is You who is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.} [Sūrat al-Mā'idah: 118]

‘Abdullāh ibn Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Offer two Rak‘ahs before Maghrib." Then he said: "Offer two Rak‘ahs before Maghrib, if you will," fearing people might take it as Sunnah.

Narrated by Bukhari
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In this Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) encourages us to offer two Rak‘ahs before the Maghrib prayer, after the Adhān, on a supererogatory basis for those who will. These two Rak‘ahs, however, are not among the confirmed regular Sunnah prayers. So, it is recommended not to offer them persistently, lest they will be like the other regular ones. The two Rak‘ahs before Maghrib are established through three forms: The Prophet instructed us to offer them, as in this Hadīth; he offered them, as in the narration by Ibn Hibbān; and he saw the Companions offer them and approved their act.

If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Variation of reward for good deeds is based on sincerity and following of the Prophet’s guidance. The more a person is sincere to Allah, and the keener he is on following the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), the more perfect his worship will be, and consequently his reward will be bigger.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

People differ with regards to their acts of worship according to their intentions. The intentions of some people have reached the ultimate level of sincerity (to Allah) and keenness in following the Sunnah (of the Messenger of Allah) with regard to doing good and righteous deeds, while the intentions of others are below that.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Anyone partaking a role with transgressors and wrongdoers will share their punishment because it is inclusive.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Actions are recompensed according to the intentions behind them, and the individual shall receive the reward of what he intended even if the outcome was contrary to his intention.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

There is not a single good deed intended sincerely to please Allah except that its doer will be raised in rank and status thereby, so that he would reap the full reward.

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

Love and contentment is measured by good deeds and intentions because they are the criteria for Allah’s acceptance of the servant; perhaps a small deed reaps great reward because of the intention behind it and perhaps a big deed reaps little reward because of the intention behind it

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits

One of the proofs Allah supports the servant is the latter’s sincere endeavor to rectify his intention and purify his heart by good deeds.

هدايات لشرح رياض الصالحين

The path of Allah is one whereas the paths of the devil are many; and a truly guided individual is he whom Allah Almighty guided to His path. Allah Almighty said: {This is My straight path; follow it and do not follow other ways, lest they lead you away from His way.} [Surat al-An‘ām: 153]

Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits