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﴿ وَلَقَدۡ ضَرَبۡنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِي هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ مِن كُلِّ مَثَلٖ لَّعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ ﴾

سورة الزمر

And We have certainly presented for the people in this Qur’ān from every [kind of] example - that they might remember.

﴿ وَلَقَدۡ ذَرَأۡنَا لِجَهَنَّمَ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِۖ لَهُمۡ قُلُوبٞ لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمۡ أَعۡيُنٞ لَّا يُبۡصِرُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمۡ ءَاذَانٞ لَّا يَسۡمَعُونَ بِهَآۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ كَٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ بَلۡ هُمۡ أَضَلُّۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡغَٰفِلُونَ ﴾

سورة الأعراف

We have surely created for Hell many jinn and humans. They have hearts with which they do not understand, eyes with which they do not see, and ears with which they do not hear[77]. They are like cattle[78], rather, they are more astray. It is they who are the heedless.

﴿ كَأَنَّهُنَّ بَيۡضٞ مَّكۡنُونٞ ﴾

سورة الصافات

49. (Delicate and pure) as if they were (hidden) eggs (well) preserved.

﴿ إِنِّي تَوَكَّلۡتُ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ رَبِّي وَرَبِّكُمۚ مَّا مِن دَآبَّةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ ءَاخِذُۢ بِنَاصِيَتِهَآۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي عَلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ﴾

سورة هود

56. "I put my trust in Allâh, my Lord and your Lord! There is not a moving (living) creature but He has the grasp of its forelock. Verily, my Lord is on the Straight Path (the truth).

﴿ وَمِنَ ٱلَّيۡلِ فَسَبِّحۡهُ وَإِدۡبَٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ ﴾

سورة الطور

And in a part of the night exalt Him and after [the setting of] the stars.

﴿ وَءَاتَىٰكُم مِّن كُلِّ مَا سَأَلۡتُمُوهُۚ وَإِن تَعُدُّواْ نِعۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ لَا تُحۡصُوهَآۗ إِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ لَظَلُومٞ كَفَّارٞ ﴾

سورة إبراهيم

34. And He gave you of all that you asked for, and if you count the Blessings of Allâh, never will you be able to count them. Verily, man is indeed an extreme wrong-doer, a disbeliever (an extreme ingrate who denies Allâh’s Blessings by disbelief, and by worshipping others besides Allâh, and by disobeying Allâh and His Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم).

﴿ وَمِنۡهُمۡ أُمِّيُّونَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ إِلَّآ أَمَانِيَّ وَإِنۡ هُمۡ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ ﴾

سورة البقرة

78. And there are among them (Jews) unlettered people, who know not the Book, but they trust upon false desires and they but guess.

﴿ وَٱسۡتَبَقَا ٱلۡبَابَ وَقَدَّتۡ قَمِيصَهُۥ مِن دُبُرٖ وَأَلۡفَيَا سَيِّدَهَا لَدَا ٱلۡبَابِۚ قَالَتۡ مَا جَزَآءُ مَنۡ أَرَادَ بِأَهۡلِكَ سُوٓءًا إِلَّآ أَن يُسۡجَنَ أَوۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ﴾

سورة يوسف

They both rushed to the door and she tore his shirt from behind, and they found her husband at the door. She said, “What is the punishment for someone who tried to dishonor your wife, except to be imprisoned or a painful punishment?”

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Abu Tha‘labah al-Khushani (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and asked: "We live in the land of the People of the Book; can we eat in their plates? It is also a land of game, and I hunt the game with my bow, with my untrained hound and with my trained hound. What is lawful for me to eat?" He said: "As for what you have mentioned about the plates of the People of the Book, if you can find other plates, do not use theirs, but if you cannot find (other than theirs), wash their plates and eat in them. If you hunt an animal with your bow after mentioning Allah's name, eat it. If you hunt something with your trained hound after mentioning Allah's name, eat it. If you hunt something with your untrained hound and manage to slaughter it (before it dies), eat it."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Abu Tha‘labah (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) if they were allowed to eat in the plates of the People of the Book, although they may be impure? "The People of the Book" refers to the Jews and the Christians, who were Abu Tha‘labah’s neighbors. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) permitted him to use these plates for eating or otherwise on two conditions: 1. Failing to find other utensils. 2. Washing them. He then said that they were living in a land full of game and he would hunt with his bow, his trained hound, and his untrained hound. He asked what would be lawful to eat if caught by any of them. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told him that the game shot by his bow would be permissible to eat on condition that he must mention the name of Allah, the Exalted, when he releases the arrow from the bow. Likewise, it would be permissible to eat the game caught by the trained hound if the name of Allah was mentioned when releasing it. However, it would not be permissible to eat the game caught by the untrained hound, unless the game was found alive and slaughtered in an approved manner.

Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade vowing and said: "Indeed, it does not bring any good; rather it is only a means to extract something from the miser."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade making a vow, which means that a person obliges himself to do something not ordained upon him by the Shariah. He said: A vow does not advance anything or postpone it. Rather. it is only a means whereby something can be extracted from the miser who only does what is obligatory for him; and a vow does not bring about something that had not been predestined for him.

Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) along with a group of Ash‘ari people, asking him for mounts. He said: "By Allah, I will not give you anything to ride, and I have nothing to mount you on." We stayed there as long as Allah wished. Then some camels were brought to him, and he ordered that we be given three camels. When we set out, some of us said to others: "Allah will not bless us, as we all went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asking him for mounts, and although he had sworn that he would not give us mounts, he did give us." Abu Mūsa said: We went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned that to him. He said: "I have not provided you with mounts, but Allah has. By Allah, Allah Willing, if I ever take an oath and then see that another option is better than the first, I will make expiation for my oath and do what is better."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) informs that he went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) along with a group of people from his tribe. They aimed to ask the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to give them camels to ride so that they could take part in Jihad. He (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) swore that he would not provide them with mounts and that he did not have any to give them. They went back and stayed for a period of time. Then, three camels were brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), who sent them to them. They said to one another: Allah will not bless these camels for us, for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) swore that he would not provide us with mounts. So, they went and asked him about this issue. Thereupon, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah Almighty is the One Who has provided you with mounts, for He has granted help and sustenance. I am only a means through which this has come to pass. Then, he (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: By Allah, Allah Willing, I do not take an oath to do or abandon something and then see that another choice is better and preferable except that I choose to do what is better, aleave the thing upon which I swore, and make expiation for my oath.

Abu Mūsa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about a man who fights out of valor, fights out of chauvinism, and fights out of ostentation. Which one of them is in the cause of Allah? The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever fights so that the word of Allah be supreme is indeed in the cause of Allah."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the fighters' different motives, like the one who fights out of valor, chauvinism, or to impress people or for any other purpose. Which of these is in the cause of Allah? The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stated that the fighter in the cause of Allah is the one who fights to make the word of Allah supreme.

Thābit ibn Ad-Dahhāk (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I gave an oath of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) under the tree. Then, the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If anyone swears by a religion other than Islam falsely and intentionally, he is as he has said. If anyone kills himself with something, he will be punished with it on the Day of Judgment. A man cannot make a vow on something that he does not possess." Another narration reads: "Cursing a believer is like killing him." A third narration stipulates: "If anyone makes a false claim to an increase of something, Allah, the Exalted and Glorified, will only give him a decrease."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Thābit ibn Ad-Dahhāk al-Ansāri (may Allah be pleased with him) is one of those who gave an oath of allegiance to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) under the tree in Bay‘at Ar-Ridwān on the day of Hudaybiyah. He reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said that if someone intentionally swears by a religion other than Islam, he would be as he swore. In other words, he would be a Jew, Christian, Zoroastrian, or a disbeliever, or he would be disassociated from Allah and His Messenger if did such and such. If he falsely makes such an oath intentionally, he would belong to the non-Islamic religion that he had ascribed himself to in the oath. And if someone kills himself with a sword, knife, bullet, or any lethal object, he will be punished with that object on the Day of Judgment. Additionally, if a person makes a vow on something that he doesn't possess, like vowing to free a slave that he does not own or to give charity from someone else's money, such a vow is null and void, because the one making the vow doesn't own what he is making the vow on. Also, cursing a believer is like killing him, because both acts violate what Allah, the Almighty, has prohibited and are considered as sins and warrant a punishment. Furthermore, if someone exaggerates and proudly claims to have what he does not possess, such as wealth, knowledge, family background, position, etc., Allah will increase him in nothing but humiliation and degradation. This is because such a person wants to elevate himself through something he doesn't have. So, he will be punished with the opposite of his objective.

Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you hear the Adhan (call to prayer), repeat what the Muezzin says."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) is urging us here to respond to the Muezzin on hearing him by repeating what he says word for word. So, when he says: "Allāhu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest), we should say: "Allāhu Akbar" after him; and when he pronounces the two testimonies of faith, we should pronounce them after him. The only exception is when he says: "Hayy ‘ala as-salāh, hayy ‘ala al-falāh" (Come to prayer, come to success), we should say: "La hawla wala quwwata illa billāh" (There is no might or power except through Allah).

Al-Mughīrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Once I was in the company of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) on a journey and I bent down to take off his leather socks, but he said: "Leave them, for I had put them on when they were in the state of purity." So, he wiped over them.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

In one of his journeys, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was performing ablution. On reaching the part of washing the feet, Al-Mughīrah ibn Shu‘bah (may Allah be pleased with him) stretched his hands to take off the Prophet's leather socks to wash his feet. However, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: Leave them and do not take them off, for I had put them on while being in a state of Tahārah (ritual purity). Hence, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) wiped over his leather socks instead of washing his feet.

‘Ā’ishah, the Mother of the Believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that Fātimah bint Abi Hubaysh asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saying: I have a continuous flow of vaginal bleeding; so, I never attain purity (from menses). Should I abstain from prayer? He replied: "No, this is a vein. Abstain from prayer only for a number of days similar to those of your normal menses; then, take a ritual bath and pray."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Fātimah bint Hubaysh asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saying: I have a ceaseless flow of vaginal bleeding that continues even outside the menstrual period. Does this have the same ruling of menstruation so I should abstain from prayer? The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied saying: It is Istihādah (vaginal bleeding outside the menstrual period), which is a kind of illness caused by the rupture of a vein in the uterus and it is not menstrual blood. Therefore, when the time you used to experience your normal menses, before getting sick with Istihādah, do not pray, fast, or perform any act of worship that the menstruating woman must not perform during her menses. After this period is over, you attain purity from menstruation. So, wash the place from where the blood flows and wash your whole body to remove the state of Hadath (ritual impurity), and then pray.

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Straighten your rows, for indeed, straightening the row is from the perfection of the prayer."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) commands those who perform the prayer to straighten their rows, not being forward or backward from the row, and that straightening the rows is part of the completion and perfection of the prayer, whereas the crookedness of the row is a flaw and deficiency in the prayer.

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When any of you performs ablution, let him sniff water in his nose and then blow it out. Whoever cleans his private parts with stones, let him do so with an odd number of stones. Whoever wakes up from his sleep, let him wash his hand before putting it in the water container of ablution, for none of you knows where his hand was during his sleep." The wording of Muslim reads: "Whoever wakes up from his sleep, let him not put his hand in the water container until he washes it three times, for he does not know where his hand was during his sleep."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim