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﴿ ۞ وَمِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مَنۡ إِن تَأۡمَنۡهُ بِقِنطَارٖ يُؤَدِّهِۦٓ إِلَيۡكَ وَمِنۡهُم مَّنۡ إِن تَأۡمَنۡهُ بِدِينَارٖ لَّا يُؤَدِّهِۦٓ إِلَيۡكَ إِلَّا مَا دُمۡتَ عَلَيۡهِ قَآئِمٗاۗ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَالُواْ لَيۡسَ عَلَيۡنَا فِي ٱلۡأُمِّيِّـۧنَ سَبِيلٞ وَيَقُولُونَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَ وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ ﴾

سورة آل عمران

And among the People of the Book are some who, if you entrust with a heap of gold, will return it to you; yet there are others who, if you entrust with a single coin of gold, will not return it to you unless you keep standing over them. This is because they say, “We are under no obligation towards the Gentiles[32].” And they tell lies about Allah knowingly.

﴿ قُلۡ مَا كُنتُ بِدۡعٗا مِّنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ وَمَآ أَدۡرِي مَا يُفۡعَلُ بِي وَلَا بِكُمۡۖ إِنۡ أَتَّبِعُ إِلَّا مَا يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَيَّ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ إِلَّا نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٞ ﴾

سورة الأحقاف

Say, “I am not the first of the messengers[3], nor do I know what will happen to me or to you. I only follow what is revealed to me, and I am not but a clear warner.”

﴿ أَوَلَا يَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعۡلِنُونَ ﴾

سورة البقرة

77. Know they (Jews) not that Allâh knows what they conceal and what they reveal?

﴿ فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَقُلۡ حَسۡبِيَ ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ عَلَيۡهِ تَوَكَّلۡتُۖ وَهُوَ رَبُّ ٱلۡعَرۡشِ ٱلۡعَظِيمِ ﴾

سورة التوبة

But if they turn away, [O Muḥammad], say, "Sufficient for me is Allāh; there is no deity except Him. On Him I have relied, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne."

﴿ فَلَا تَدۡعُ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا ءَاخَرَ فَتَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُعَذَّبِينَ ﴾

سورة الشعراء

So do not call upon any other god besides Allah, lest you become of those who will be punished.

﴿ وَفَٰكِهَةٗ وَأَبّٗا ﴾

سورة عبس

and fruits and grass,

﴿ وَٱللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنۢ بُيُوتِكُمۡ سَكَنٗا وَجَعَلَ لَكُم مِّن جُلُودِ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ بُيُوتٗا تَسۡتَخِفُّونَهَا يَوۡمَ ظَعۡنِكُمۡ وَيَوۡمَ إِقَامَتِكُمۡ وَمِنۡ أَصۡوَافِهَا وَأَوۡبَارِهَا وَأَشۡعَارِهَآ أَثَٰثٗا وَمَتَٰعًا إِلَىٰ حِينٖ ﴾

سورة النحل

Allah has made your houses a place of rest for you, and He has given you tents made from the hides of livestock which you find light to handle when you travel and when you camp. And out of their wool, fur and hair [He has given you] furnishings and enjoyment for a while.

﴿ قَالَتۡ رَبِّ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لِي وَلَدٞ وَلَمۡ يَمۡسَسۡنِي بَشَرٞۖ قَالَ كَذَٰلِكِ ٱللَّهُ يَخۡلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ إِذَا قَضَىٰٓ أَمۡرٗا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُۥ كُن فَيَكُونُ ﴾

سورة آل عمران

She said, "My Lord, how will I have a child when no man has touched me?" [The angel] said, "Such is Allāh; He creates what He wills. When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, 'Be,' and it is.

﴿ وَفِيٓ أَنفُسِكُمۡۚ أَفَلَا تُبۡصِرُونَ ﴾

سورة الذاريات

21. And also in your ownselves. Will you not then see?

﴿ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱسۡتَعِينُواْ بِٱلصَّبۡرِ وَٱلصَّلَوٰةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ﴾

سورة البقرة

O you who believe, seek help in patience and prayer, for Allah is with those who are patient[67].

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‘Ā’ishah, Mother of the Believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: ’Umm Habībah bint Jahsh, who was the wife of ‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn ‘Awf, complained to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) about blood. He told her: "Wait for as long as your menstrual period normally stops you, and then take a ritual bath." So, she used to take a ritual bath for every prayer.

Narrated by Muslim

One of the female Companions complained to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) about experiencing an incessant flow of blood. He ordered her to stop praying for as long as her menstrual period normally prevented her from praying before experiencing that new situation; then, she should take a ritual bath and pray. So, she used to take a ritual bath voluntarily before each prayer.

Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If any of you has sexual intercourse with his wife and then wished to have intercourse again, then let him perform ablution between the two times." The narration of Al-Hākim added: "as that will provide him with more energy for the second time."

Al-Haakim - Narrated by Muslim

This Hadīth clarifies the prophetic guidance concerning the one who wants to repeat sexual intercourse with his wife. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If any of you has sexual intercourse with his wife and then wished to do that again", i.e. have intercourse again for a second and third time. The prophetic guidance is represented in his statement: "then let him perform ablution between the two times", meaning that after having intercourse for the first time and before the second time. What is intended by ablution here is the ablution performed for prayer, because when "ablution" is used in the general sense, then the basic rule is that it refers to the Shariah-approved ablution. It was explicitly mentioned in the narration of Ibn Khuzaymah and Al-Bayhaqi: "then make ablution like the ablution you make for prayer". This ablution – between instances of intercourse – is recommended.

Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever performs ablution on Friday, that is good, and whoever takes a bath has done what is better."

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - An-Nasaa’i - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad - Ad-Daarimi

Whoever performs ablution for the Friday prayer, then he has followed the Sunnah and taken advantage of the concession in this regard, and that is a good thing and what he did is praised. But whoever takes a bath is doing something better, meaning that taking a bath before the Friday prayer is better in terms of reward than only making ablution without bathing. This is the opinion that the majority of scholars have chosen, including the four Imāms, and among the proofs they use also is the Hadīth narrated by Muslim: "Whoever makes ablution in a perfect manner then goes to the Friday Prayer and listens attentively (to the sermon), the sins that he committed between the two Fridays will be forgiven for him, and an additional three days as well."

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Beware of the two things that provoke cursing.” They said: “O Messenger of Allah, what are those two things which provoke cursing?” He said: “The one who relieves himself on people’s roads or under their shades.”

Narrated by Muslim

Avoid the two things that provoke curse from people, for the one who does any of them is usually abused and reviled by others. These two things are: relieving oneself on the pathways used by people or in the shade, where they take shelter. A similar meaning occurs in the verse that reads: {And do not abuse those they invoke other than Allah, lest they abuse Allah in enmity without knowledge} [Sūrat al-An‘ām: 108]. In other words: Do not cause them to abuse Allah, the Almighty, by abusing their gods. Similarly, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited that a man should abuse his father and mother. Thereupon, the Companions asked: “Would anyone abuse his own parents?” He said: “Yes. He abuses someone else’s father and that person retaliates by abusing his father and mother.” So it is as if he himself has cursed his own parents, because he was the reason behind it. “The one who relieves himself on people’s roads;” meaning: he urinates or defecates in the places where people walk and pass through. This is undoubtedly prohibited, regardless of whether it is done by a resident or a traveler, as it causes harm to the people. In the Qur'an, Allah, the Almighty, says: {And those who harm believing men and believing women for [something] other than what they have earned have certainly born upon themselves a slander and manifest sin} [Sūrat al-Ahzāb: 58]. If, however, a person relieves himself on a road not frequented by people, there is nothing wrong with that, given the lack of harm. “Or in their shade;” meaning: he relieves himself in the shade, where people take shelter and rest. There is nothing wrong, however, if one answers the call of nature in the shade in empty places that are not used or frequented by people, given the lack of harm. The Messenger (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) would sometimes relieve himself in the shade of a host of palm trees.

‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to sleep while in a state of Janābah without touching water.

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - An-Nasaa’i - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to sleep after having had intercourse without having water touch his skin, neither the water of ablution, nor the bathing water, nor water even to wash his private parts, since the word 'water' here is mentioned in a general sense, so it includes all the uses of water. The second possibility is that it means that he did not touch the water of ritual bath, not necessarily the water of ablution. This agrees with the Hadīths of the two Sahīhs that clearly state that he used to wash his private parts and perform ablution (when in a state of Janābah) before he would sleep, eat, drink, or have intercourse. One of such Hadīths is the Hadīth of Ibn ‘Umar in which ‘Umar said: "O Messenger of Allah, could any of us sleep while in a state of Janābah?" He said: "Yes, as long as he performs ablution." [Al-Bukhāri and Muslim] ‘Ammār ibn Yāsir reported: "The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) allowed the one in a state of Janabah to eat, drink, or sleep after having performed ablution the same way one does before praying" [Ahmad and At-Tirmidhi]. However, the generality of the Hadīth refutes this interpretation. It is better to say that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would not touch water sometimes in order to clarify the permissibility of doing this, for if he had done that regularly, it would have been thought to be obligatory, and this was all done out of facilitation and alleviation for the Ummah.

‘Amr ibn ‘Āmir related that Anas ibn Mālik reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) used to perform ablution upon every prayer. I asked: "What did you guys use to do?" He said: "Ablution would remain valid for any of us until he broke it."

Narrated by Bukhari

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to perform ablution for every obligatory prayer, even if his ablution was not broken. This is to attain the reward and merit. It is permissible to perform more than one obligatory prayer with one ablution, so long as the ablution remains valid.

Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution by washing the body parts once.

Narrated by Bukhari

When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, he would sometimes wash each organ of the organs of ablution once - washing the face - including rinsing the mouth and sniffing water into the nostrils - and the hands and feet once. This is the due amount.

‘Abdullāh ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution by washing the body parts twice.

Narrated by Bukhari

When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, he would sometimes wash each body part of the parts of ablution once - washing the face - including rinsing the mouth and sniffing water into the nostrils - and the hands and feet twice.

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is due upon every Muslim to bathe for one day every seven days, in which he should wash his head and body."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed that it is due upon every rational and mature Muslim to take a bath once a week, in which he washes his head and body, seeking purification and cleanliness. The worthiest among these days is Friday, as understood from some versions. For example, bathing on Friday before the prayer is highly recommended, even if one has taken one on Thursday. What indicates that the bath on Friday is not obligatory is the statement by 'Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her): "The people used to work, and whenever they went for the Friday prayer, they would go in the same condition as they had been in work. So, it was said to them: 'If only you had taken a bath'" [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]. In another version by him: "They were smelling bad", i.e., the smell of sweat. Despite that, it was said to them: "If only you had taken a bath." so that others are more likely to do so.

Qays ibn ‘Āsim (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I came to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) with the intention of embracing Islam. He commanded me to take a bath with water and the leaves of a lote tree.

Narrated by Abu Daoud & At-Termedhy & An-Nasa'i