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﴿ قُلۡ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ لَكُمۡ نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٞ ﴾

سورة الحج

Say, "O people, I am only to you a clear warner."

﴿ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوۡ جَآءُوكُمۡ حَصِرَتۡ صُدُورُهُمۡ أَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ أَوۡ يُقَٰتِلُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمۡۚ فَإِنِ ٱعۡتَزَلُوكُمۡ فَلَمۡ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ وَأَلۡقَوۡاْ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ سَبِيلٗا ﴾

سورة النساء

except those who join a people with whom you have a treaty[66] or those who come to you feeling discomfort to fight you or fight their own people. If Allah had willed, He would have empowered them to fight you. Therefore if they withdraw and refrain from fighting you and offer you peace, then Allah has not given you permission [to fight] against them.

﴿ إِنَّآ أَعۡتَدۡنَا لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ سَلَٰسِلَاْ وَأَغۡلَٰلٗا وَسَعِيرًا ﴾

سورة الإنسان

4. Verily, We have prepared for the disbelievers iron chains, iron collars, and a blazing Fire.

﴿ ٱصۡلَوۡهَا ٱلۡيَوۡمَ بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡفُرُونَ ﴾

سورة يس

Burn in it Today for your disbelief[17].”

﴿ فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ﴾

سورة الرحمن

38. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (jinn and men) deny?

﴿ إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَفۡعَلُ بِٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ﴾

سورة الصافات

This is how We deal with the wicked,

﴿ قَالُواْ وَجَدۡنَآ ءَابَآءَنَا لَهَا عَٰبِدِينَ ﴾

سورة الأنبياء

53. They said: "We found our fathers worshipping them."

﴿ وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي ٱلصُّدُورِ ﴾

سورة العاديات

10. And that which is in the breasts (of men) is made known?

﴿ فَذَرۡهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُواْ يَوۡمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي فِيهِ يُصۡعَقُونَ ﴾

سورة الطور

So leave them until they meet their Day in which they will be struck insensible -

﴿ وَكَذَّبَ بِهِۦ قَوۡمُكَ وَهُوَ ٱلۡحَقُّۚ قُل لَّسۡتُ عَلَيۡكُم بِوَكِيلٖ ﴾

سورة الأنعام

But your people [O Prophet] have rejected this [Qur’an] although it is the truth. Say, “I am not a keeper over you.

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Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Many delegations came to Mu‘āwiyah in the month of Ramadan and we would prepare food for one another. Abu Hurayrah was one of those who frequently invited us to his dwellings. I said: "Should I not prepare food and invite them to my home?" So I ordered food to be prepared and when I met Abu Hurayrah in the evening I said: "I’m inviting you to my house this evening." He said: "You preempted me!" I said: ‘Yes.’ and invited them. (After they had eaten) Abu Hurayrah said: "Shall I tell you a tradition from your traditions, O you assembly of the Ansār?" He gave an account of the Conquest of Makkah and said that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had proceeded until he reached Makkah. He dispatched Az-Zubayr on his right flank, Khālid on his left, and Abu ‘Ubaydah with a force that had no armor. They advanced to the interior of the valley. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was in the middle of a large contingent of fighters. He saw me and said: “Abu Hurayrah.” I said: “I am here at your service, Messenger of Allah.” He said: “Let no one come to me except the Ansār; (only) call the Ansār to me." Abu Hurayrah continued: "So they gathered around him. The Quraysh also gathered their ruffians and their (lowly) followers, and said: 'We will send these (men) forward. If they get anything, we will be with them (to share it) and if misfortune befalls them, we will pay (as compensation) whatever we are asked for.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said (to the Ansār): 'You see the ruffians and the (lowly) followers of the Quraysh.' And he indicated by (striking) one of his hands over the other that they should be killed and said: 'Meet me at As-Safa.' Then we went on (and) if any one of us wanted a certain person to be killed, he was killed, and none of them could offer any resistance." Abu Hurayrah continued: "Then came Abu Sufyān and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, the blood of the Quraysh has become very cheap. There will be no Quraysh from this day on.' Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyān, he will be safe.' Some of the Ansār whispered among themselves: 'Love for his city and sympathy for his clan have overpowered him.' Abu Hurayrah said: "A revelation came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and when he was going to receive the revelation, we understood it, and when he was receiving it, none of us would dare raise his eyes to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) until the revelation ended. When the revelation came to an end, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O you assembly of the Ansār!' They said: 'Here we are at your service, Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'You were saying that ‘Love for his city and people has overpowered this man.'' They said: 'So it was.' He said: 'No, never. I am a slave of Allah and His Messenger. I migrated to Allah and to you. I will live with you and I will die with you.' So, they (the Ansār) turned towards him in tears, saying: 'By Allah, we said what we said because of our attachment to Allah and the deep desire to have His Messenger among us.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Surely, Allah and His Messenger testify to your assertions and accept your apology.'" The narrator continued: "People came to the house of Abu Sufyān and locked their doors. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) proceeded until he approached the (Black) Stone. He kissed it and circumambulated the Ka‘bah. He reached an idol by the side of the Ka‘bah that was worshiped by the people. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had a bow in his hand that he was holding from a corner. When he came near the idol, he began to pierce its eyes with the bow, saying: {The Truth has come, and falsehood has perished} [Sūrat al-Isrā': 81]. When he had finished the circumambulation, he came to the Mount Safa, climbed it to a height from where he could see the Ka‘bah, raised his hands (in supplication), and began to praise Allah and prayed what he wished to pray.''

Narrated by Muslim

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that people went to Mu‘āwiyah ibn Abi Sufyān in the Levant during the month of Ramadan. The people would prepare food and eat together and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) would often make food and invite people to eat. So ‘Abdullāh ibn Rabāh made the intention to prepare food and invite people to eat. He met Abu Hurayrah and invited him to dinner that night. Abu Hurayrah remarked that he had been preempted this time. When they gathered, Abu Hurayrah offered to tell them a tradition about the Ansār people. So he told them the story of the Conquest of Makkah. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) led the army that conquered Makkah and appointed Az-Zubayr ibn al-‘Awwām on one flank, Khālid ibn Walīd on another, and Abu ‘Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrāh heading a flank that wore no armor. They took the road to Makkah through the middle of the valley. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) led a brigade in the middle of the army. When he saw Abu Hurayrah, he told him to gather the Ansār for him, and that only they should come. They gathered around the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). The Quraysh collected groups from different tribes and prepared them for the fight. They placed them in the front of the army, so if they won a victory, the Quraysh would share it with them. If they were defeated, the Quraysh would give the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) whatever he wanted. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told his Companions to kill the groups that the Quraysh had collected and to meet him at Mount Safa in Makkah. The Companions set out, killing these groups until they had eliminated them. None of the disbelievers could protect themselves. Abu Sufyān said to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) that the Quraysh was being eliminated. So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said that anyone who entered the house of Abu Sufyān would be safe. On this, the Ansār said that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was feeling sympathy for his tribe. The Ansār saw the Prophet showing mercy to the people of Makkah, and felt that was why he had stopped fighting them. They thought that he would return to Makkah and stay there forever, forsaking them and deserting Madīnah. Such a prospect was difficult for them to cope with. Allah sent a revelation to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to tell him of this. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then sent for the Ansār and asked them whether they had said what they had said. They said that they had. Indeed, this was one of the Prophet’s miracles. When the revelation came down to him, the Companions would realize it and so would not raise their eyes to him until the revelation had ended. When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told them what they had said: they realized that he truly was the Messenger of Allah, and in this capacity, he could tell them the unseen in this situation and in others as well. So they had to trust everything he told them and know that he was the Slave and Messenger of Allah. he assured them that he migrated to Allah and to their city to settle there, and that he would not abandon the emigration that he had intended for Allah's sake. He told them that he would live with them until the end of his life. This was another of his miracles and when he said this to them, they cried and apologized to him. They said that they had said what they said out of a keenness for his perpetual companionship, so they could learn from him, seek his blessings, and follow his guidance on the straight path, because Allah says: {And indeed, [O Muhammad], you guide to a straight path} [Sūrat-Ash-Shūra: 52]. So, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told them that Allah and His Messenger believed them and accepted their apology. When he said that anyone who entered the house of Abu Sufyān would be safe, some people came to the house of Abu Sufyān, while others closed their doors. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then proceeded until he came to the Black Stone and kissed it and performed Tawāf around the Ka‘bah. When he came to a statue that the disbelievers used to worship next to the Ka‘bah, he poked it in the eyes with a bow, saying: {Truth has come, and falsehood has perished} [Sūrat al-Isrā': 81]. When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) finished his Tawāf, he went to Mount Safa, climbed it, and looked at the Ka‘bah. He raised his hands, praised Allah, and asked Him for whatever he wished.

‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Sa‘d was injured on the Day of the Trench by the arrow of man from Quraysh called Hibbān ibn al-‘Arqah (Hibbān ibn Qays) from the tribe of Banu Mu‘ayyis ibn ‘Āmir ibn Lu'ai who shot him in the median vein of the arm. So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) set up a tent for him in the mosque in order to visit him from nearby. When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the trench he placed his weapon down and washed up. Jibrīl (may peace be upon him) came to him while he was shaking the dust from his head and said: "Have you laid down weapons? By Allah! I have not laid it down! Go out to them!" The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Where?" So he pointed to Banu Qurayzhah. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) went to them and they surrendered. He turned the judgment over to Sa‘d, and Sa‘d said: "I rule that their warriors be killed, their women and offspring be taken as captives, and that their wealth be divided." Hishām said: "My father informed me that ‘Ā’ishah reported that Sa‘d said: 'O Allah, Indeed, You know that there is no one that I love to battle in Your cause than a people who belied and drove out Your Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). O Allah, I think that You have ended the war between us and them, so if there remains any war against the Quraysh, then keep me alive so that I may battle them in Your cause; and if You have indeed ended the war, then let the blood flow and make my death therein." So his wound erupted from his throat. There was a tent in the mosque belonging to Banu Ghifār, and they were scared at the sight of blood flowing towards them. They said: "O people of this tent, what is it that is coming to us from your side?" And Sa‘d's wound continued to bleed, and he died from it (may Allah be pleased with him). [Al-Bukhāri]

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The noble Hadīth shows merits of Sa‘d ibn Mu‘ādh, a grand companion of the Prophet. A tent was set up for him in the mosque in order for the Prophet to visit him after he had sustained injuries in Jihad. Also, he passed a judgment on Banu Qurayzhah that came in accordance with the divine Judgment: to kill their men, take their women and offspring as captives, and to take their wealth. Indeed, Jews had betrayed Muslims, breached their covenant, and taken advantage of the circumstances of the battle of the Trench, when Quraysh mustered on the outskirts of Madīnah. Further to his merits, Sa‘d's prayer was accepted, resulting in his martyrdom. He prayed that Allah keep him alive, if Muslims still had to fight Quraysh or that Allah let him die from wounds, if the war was over.

Salamah ibn al-Akwa‘ (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We fought with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in Hunayn. When we encountered the enemy, I advanced and ascended a mountain pass. A man from the enemy turned towards me and I shot him with an arrow. He hid himself from me. I did not know what he did, but (all of a sudden) I saw that a group of people appeared from the other mountain pass. They and the Companions of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) met in combat, but the Companions of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) turned back and I too turned back in retreat. I had two mantles, one of which I was wrapping around the waist (covering the lower part of my body) and the other I was putting around my shoulders. My waist-wrapper got loose and I held the two mantles together. (In this downcast condition) I passed by the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who was riding on his white mule. He said: "The son of Al-Akwa‘ has seen terror." When they (the disbelievers) gathered around him from all sides, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) got down from his mule, picked up a handful of dust from the ground, threw it at their faces and said: 'May these faces be deformed.' There was none among them whose eyes were not filled with dust from this handful. So they turned back fleeing. Allah, Exalted and Glorified, defeated them, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) distributed their booty among the Muslims.

Narrated by Muslim

Salamah ibn al-Akwa‘ reports that he fought with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in the battle of Hunayn in which the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) fought the two tribes of Hawāzin and Thaqīf. When the Muslims engaged with the disbelievers in fight, Salamah emerged from a way between two mountains. He saw a man from the enemies and shot him with an arrow. The man hid himself, and Salamah did not know if he had killed him or not. The disbelievers came from another way between two mountains. When they met the Companions of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) the Companions, including Salamah, were defeated. Salamah was wearing two pieces, one on his upper body and another on his lower body. The waistcoat was loosened because he was running in a hurry, so he tucked the two pieces together. He passed by the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) riding his white mule. On seeing him, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) remarked that Salamah ibn al-Akwa‘ had seen great terror. When the disbelievers got closer to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) he dismounted, got some dust in his hand and threw them at their faces, invoking deformation on them. So, Allah, the Almighty, filled the eyes of the disbelievers with such dust and they fled. Allah defeated them, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) divided their properties, which they left behind, among the Muslims.

‘Ā'ishah reported: I do not covet someone to have an easy death, after seeing the difficult death of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him).

Narrated by At-Termedhy

‘Ā'ishah says that she would not be happy for anyone, even herself, to have an easy death, as she had seen the difficult death of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). The point here is that a difficult death is not evidence of a bad ending and an easy death is not a sign of a noble end, otherwise, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would be the most deserving of that. So a hard death should not be disliked nor an easy death be rejoiced.

‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) died, the people said: "Where is he to be buried?" Abu Bakr said: "In the place where he died."

Ibn Sa‘d - Narrated by At-Termedhy

When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) died, his Companions differed on where they should bury him. Abu Bakr As-Siddīq said that he should be buried where he died. In some versions, Abu Bakr heard the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say that no Prophet had ever died except in the place where he liked to be buried.

‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Abu Bakr entered upon the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) after his death. He ‎put his mouth between his eyes, put his hands on his temples, and said: "O my Prophet, O my ‎close friend, O my bosom friend."

Narrated by Ahmad

After the death of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) Abu Bakr (may ‎Allah be pleased with him) entered the room in which he was, kissed him between his eyes, put his hands on ‎his temples, and said: ‎‎"O my Prophet, O my close friend, O my bosom friend." In other words, Abu Bakr (may Allah be ‎pleased with him) was sorrowing and grieving over the Prophet's death, describing him as his sincere friend, whom he loved ‎most of all and favored over all people, including himself.‎ What Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) did here is known as lamentation, which is allowable as long as the heart harbors no objection or impatience to the affliction. Also, the voice must not be loud, unlike that of the women who shriek and keen (the well-‎known chanting of women when they wail and lament a dead person). ‎

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: On the day the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) entered Madīnah, everything therein became illuminated. Then on the day he passed away, everything therein became dark. We had not even shaken the dust off our hands after burying the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and we already began to feel the change in our hearts.

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by At-Termedhy - Narrated by Ahmad

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) explains that when the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) entered Madīnah as an immigrant from Makkah, everything in Madīnah started shining with light. When he died, everything started getting dark therein. The light and darkness are metaphorical. When the Companions were done burying the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) they did not find their hearts in the same state which they had experienced during the Prophet's life. The light, compassion, and amicability receded because the divine revelation had stopped, and they were no longer blessed with the Prophet's Companionship.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) left no dinar, dirham, sheep, or camels, and he did not bequeath anything.

Narrated by Muslim

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) informed that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) did not leave any money after his death, neither a large or a small amount, nor did he leave any sheep or camels, nor did he make a will regarding anything, in terms of wealth or property. Indeed, if anyone has some property to be inherited they will make a will, but the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) left nothing to make a will or bequest about. He did however make a bequest about other matters, among which he enjoined Muslims to observe the prayer regularly and expel the Jews and Christians from the Arabian Peninsula.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that when the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was healthy, he used to say: "No prophet dies until he is shown his place in Paradise and is then given the choice." "No prophet dies until he is shown his place in Paradise and is then given the choice."When he was sick, while his head was resting on my thigh, he fell unconscious. Then he came back to consciousness and fixed his eyes on the ceiling of the house and said: "O Allah, the highest Companion." I said (to myself): "So, he is not going to choose us." I then realized that it was what he used to tell us when he was healthy. The last words he spoke were: "O Allah, the highest Companion."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to say while he was in good health before his final sickness that no prophet died until Allah showed him his place in Paradise and gave him the choice to either stay in the world or go to his place in Paradise. Then when he became sick just before his death, while his head was resting on ‘Ā'ishah's thigh, he fell consciousness then recovered. He looked at the ceiling of the house and said: ''O Allah, the highest Companion,'' i.e. I choose to be with the prophets who live in the highest of high places. ‘Ā'ishah remarked that if Allah gave the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) the choice between this world and the Hereafter, he would choose the Hereafter and would not choose them. She realized that this was exactly what he used to say when he was healthy. The last words he spoke were: "O Allah, the highest Companion."

‘Ubaydullāh ibn ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Utbah reported: I went to ‘Ā’ishah and asked her to describe to me the Messenger's illness. ‘Ā’ishah said: "Yes. The Prophet became seriously ill and asked whether the people had prayed. We replied: 'No, O Messenger of Allah! They are waiting for you.' He added: 'Put water for me in a trough.'" ‘Ā’ishah added: "We did so. He took a bath and tried to get up but fainted. When he recovered, he again asked whether the people had prayed. We said: 'No, they are waiting for you, O Messenger of Allah!' He again said: 'Put water in a trough for me.' He sat down and took a bath and tried to get up but fainted again. Then he recovered and said: 'Have the people prayed?' We replied: 'No, they are waiting for you, O Messenger of Allah!' He said: 'Put water for me in the trough.' Then he sat down and washed himself and tried to get up but he fainted. When he recovered, he asked: 'Have the people prayed?' We said: 'No, they are waiting for you, O Messenger of Allah! The people were in the mosque waiting for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) for the ‘Ishā' prayer. The Prophet sent for Abu Bakr to lead the people in the prayer. The Prophet's messenger went to Abu Bakr and said: 'The Messenger orders you to lead the people in the prayer.' Abu Bakr was a softhearted man, so he asked ‘Umar to lead the prayer but ‘Umar replied: 'You are more rightful.' So Abu Bakr led the prayer in those days. When the Prophet felt a bit better, he came out for the Zhuhr prayer with the help of two persons one of whom was Al-‘Abbās, while Abu Bakr was leading the people in the prayer. When Abu Bakr saw him, he wanted to retreat but the Prophet beckoned him not to do so and asked them to make him sit beside Abu Bakr and they did so. Abu Bakr was following the Prophet (in the prayer) and the people were following Abu Bakr. The Prophet (prayed) sitting." ‘Ubaydullāh added: "I went to ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās and said: 'Shall I tell you what ‘Ā’ishah has told me about the fatal illness of the Prophet?' Ibn ‘Abbās said: 'Go ahead.' I told him her narration and he did not deny anything of it but asked whether ‘Ā’ishah told me the name of the second person (who helped the Prophet along with Al-‘Abbās. I said. 'No.' He said: 'He was ‘Ali (ibn Abi Tālib).'"

Narrated by Bukhari