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﴿ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ جَامِعُ ٱلنَّاسِ لِيَوۡمٖ لَّا رَيۡبَ فِيهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُخۡلِفُ ٱلۡمِيعَادَ ﴾
سورة آل عمران
9. "Our Lord! Verily, it is You Who will gather mankind together on the Day about which there is no doubt. Verily, Allâh never breaks His Promise".
﴿ وَلَا يَتَمَنَّوۡنَهُۥٓ أَبَدَۢا بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ﴾
سورة الجمعة
But they will not wish for it, ever, because of what their hands have put forth. And Allāh is Knowing of the wrongdoers.
﴿ وَمَآ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مِن قَرۡيَةٍ إِلَّا لَهَا مُنذِرُونَ ﴾
سورة الشعراء
208. And never did We destroy a township but it had its warners
﴿ وَمِنَ ٱلشَّيَٰطِينِ مَن يَغُوصُونَ لَهُۥ وَيَعۡمَلُونَ عَمَلٗا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَكُنَّا لَهُمۡ حَٰفِظِينَ ﴾
سورة الأنبياء
And among the devils [We subjected] those who dived for him[34] and performed other duties. It is We Who were watching over them[35].
﴿ وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي يَقۡبَلُ ٱلتَّوۡبَةَ عَنۡ عِبَادِهِۦ وَيَعۡفُواْ عَنِ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ وَيَعۡلَمُ مَا تَفۡعَلُونَ ﴾
سورة الشورى
25. And He it is Who accepts repentance from His slaves, and forgives sins, and He knows what you do.[7]
﴿ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكُمۡ فَٱعۡبُدُوهُۚ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٞ مُّسۡتَقِيمٞ ﴾
سورة الزخرف
64. "Verily, Allâh! He is my Lord (God) and your Lord (God). So worship Him (Alone). This is the (only) Straight Path (i.e. Allâh’s religion of true Islâmic Monotheism)."
﴿ وَأُتۡبِعُواْ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا لَعۡنَةٗ وَيَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ عَادٗا كَفَرُواْ رَبَّهُمۡۗ أَلَا بُعۡدٗا لِّعَادٖ قَوۡمِ هُودٖ ﴾
سورة هود
They were overtaken by a curse in this world and again on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed, ‘Ād denied their Lord; so away with ‘Ād, the people of Hūd!
﴿ قَالَتۡ فَذَٰلِكُنَّ ٱلَّذِي لُمۡتُنَّنِي فِيهِۖ وَلَقَدۡ رَٰوَدتُّهُۥ عَن نَّفۡسِهِۦ فَٱسۡتَعۡصَمَۖ وَلَئِن لَّمۡ يَفۡعَلۡ مَآ ءَامُرُهُۥ لَيُسۡجَنَنَّ وَلَيَكُونٗا مِّنَ ٱلصَّٰغِرِينَ ﴾
سورة يوسف
She said, "That is the one about whom you blamed me. And I certainly sought to seduce him, but he firmly refused; and if he will not do what I order him, he will surely be imprisoned and will be of those debased."
﴿ وَفِي خَلۡقِكُمۡ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِن دَآبَّةٍ ءَايَٰتٞ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُوقِنُونَ ﴾
سورة الجاثية
4. And in your creation, and what He scattered (through the earth) of moving (living) creatures are signs for people who have Faith with certainty.
﴿ يُنَادُونَهُمۡ أَلَمۡ نَكُن مَّعَكُمۡۖ قَالُواْ بَلَىٰ وَلَٰكِنَّكُمۡ فَتَنتُمۡ أَنفُسَكُمۡ وَتَرَبَّصۡتُمۡ وَٱرۡتَبۡتُمۡ وَغَرَّتۡكُمُ ٱلۡأَمَانِيُّ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ وَغَرَّكُم بِٱللَّهِ ٱلۡغَرُورُ ﴾
سورة الحديد
They [i.e., the hypocrites] will call to them [i.e., the believers], "Were we not with you?" They will say, "Yes, but you afflicted yourselves[1631] and awaited [misfortune for us] and doubted, and wishful thinking deluded you until there came the command of Allāh. And the Deceiver [i.e., Satan] deceived you concerning Allāh.
Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Ash‘aris, if they ran short of provisions while on a military expedition, or if their children were short of food in Madīnah, they would gather everything they had in one piece of cloth then they would divide them evenly among themselves. Thus they are from me and I am from them."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Ash‘aris, who are the people of Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) if they ran short of food or they were fighting for the sake of Allah, they would gather their food and divide it evenly among themselves. For this reason, they were most deserving to be ascribed to the Messenger of Allah, (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him); meaning that they belonged to him in terms of honor and love. He also belonged to them in terms of his adherence to these same great morals of altruism and obedience (to Allah).
As-Sa‘b ibn Jaththāmah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I gave the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) a zebra as a gift, but he returned it to me. When he saw my face (being sad) he said: "We only refused it because we are in a state of Ihrām."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
One of the aspects of the excellent moral character of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was that he never flattered people at the expense of Allah's religion; but he never failed to soothe their hearts as well. While the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was in a state of "Ihrām", he happened to pass by As-Sa‘b ibn Jaththāmah (may Allah be pleased with him) who was a skillful archer and runner. So, when the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) passed by him, he hunted a zebra and offered it to him, whereupon the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) refused to accept it. This hurt As-Sa‘b so much; as how would the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) refuse his gift? So, his face changed (due to grief). When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) noticed that, he soothed his heart, and told him that he only refused it because he was in a state of "Ihrām", and a person in such a state cannot eat from any game that was hunted on his behalf.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is not befitting for a Muslim who has anything concerning which a will should be made, to abide for two nights without having his will with him." Imām Muslim added that ibn ‘Umar said: "Not one night passed by me since I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mention this, except that I had a written will with me.''
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
It is not correct or proper for someone who possesses something to be bequeathed or clarified, to neglect it for a long time. Rather, one should record and write it as soon as possible. The longest period of time permitted for someone not to write a will, is one or two nights. That is why Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) after hearing this prophetic advice used to check his will every night. He did so as to adhere to Prophet's command and state the rights. A will is of two types. 1. Recommended will that one writes regarding voluntary deeds and acts of worship. 2. Obligatory will that one makes regarding the mandatory rights, which have no proofs to confirm them after one's death. This is based on the juristic rule that what is required for the fulfillment of an obligation is obligatory. Ibn Daqīq El-Eid stated that this Hadīth addresses the obligatory types of will.
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: While the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering a sermon, he saw a man who was standing. He asked about him and was told: "This is Abu Isrā’īl. He made a vow to stand in the sun and not sit down, to avoid the shade, to keep silent, and to fast." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Order him to speak, seek the shade, sit down, and complete his fast."
Narrated by Bukhari
This Companion made a vow not to talk, eat, or drink while he would stand in the sun without seeking shade. This is torture of the self and is quite hard on it. It is an unlawful vow; therefore, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade him from doing so. Nevertheless, he ordered him to complete his fast because fasting is a permissible act of worship and thus he was obliged to fulfill his vow of fasting. Consequently, whoever makes a vow to do a permissible act of worship must fulfill it, whereas one is not obliged to fulfill their vow in case it involves an impermissible act of worship.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever finds his property intact with a bankrupt person, he has more right to take it than anyone else."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
Whoever sells his property to someone, or deposits it with him, or loans it to him or the like, and then that person (who received it) becomes bankrupt or insolvent, meaning that his money is not enough to pay off his debts, then the seller has the right to take back his property if he finds it as it is, as he is more entitled to it than any other person.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If someone sells pollinated date palms, their fruits will be for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary." In another narration: "And if someone buys a slave, his property is for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
He determined that pollination and its fruits belong to the seller, for he is the one who did the work that was required for this. However, if the buyer stipulates that the fruits shall be for him, though the palm trees have been pollinated, and the seller agrees, then they should abide by this condition. The same applies to a slave who is granted some property by his master. If his master sells him, the property shall go back to the seller, for it is not covered by the sales contract. However, if the buyer stipulates that he shall take all or part of the slave's property, this shall be part of the contract.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās(may Allah be pleased with him) reported: 'The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade riders (carrying merchandise) being met on their way, and a townsman selling for a man from the desert.'' The narrator asked Ibn ‘Abbās: ''What does it mean that a townsman should not sell for a man from the desert?" He said: ''That he should not work as a broker on his behalf.''
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade certain types of transactions because they negatively impact the parties involved. 1. It is forbidden to go to meet people arriving with merchandise, in order to buy their goods before they reach the market. If those arriving do not know the market price, the transaction will be unfair to them as they could lose the real amount that they had struggled to earn. The real value of their commodity will be an easy gain for those who had not worked for it. 2. It is forbidden for a townsman to offer to keep the merchandise of a man coming from the desert to sell his wares in the town at the market value of the day and return, and sell it when prices go up. This transaction is forbidden due to the harm done to the townspeople. The laws of Islam thus protect the rights of both the unknown seller and the townspeople.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the Muzābanah sale: that is to sell fruits in one's garden, if it is palm trees, for dates by dry measure; and if it is a vineyard, to sell for raisins by dry measure; and if it is any crop to sell for a dry measure of its food. He forbade all such transactions.
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the Muzābanah sale, which is to sell something definite for an indefinite amount of its kinds because of the harms this transaction involves, and also because of the uncertainty of the correspondence of the two commodities, which leads to usury. Examples were given to clarify and explain it: to sell fruits in one's garden, if it is a palm garden, for dates by dry measure; and if it is a vineyard, to sell for raisins by dry measure; and if it is any crop to sell for a dry measure of the food of its kind. He forbade all such transactions because of the harm and detriment it involves.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the transaction called Habal al-Habalah which was practiced in pre-Islamic times. A man would buy the meat of the slaughtered camel up to Habal al-Habalah, which implies that a she-camel should give birth and then its offspring would grow young and become pregnant and give birth. It was said that a man would sell his old she-camel for the unborn offspring of the fetus inside the womb of the buyer's camel (i.e. he buys the offspring of the offspring of the pregnant camel).
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
Habal al-Habalah is among the prohibited sale transactions. The following are the two most common interpretations of it: 1. That it implies suspension. That is, a man sells something in return for a deferred payment, which is due when the she-camel gives birth, then the newborn she-camel matures and gives birth as well. This transaction is prohibited because the time when the payment is due is unknown, given that the term fixed for payment has an effect on determining the price, based on the length of that term. 2. That the transaction means selling something unknown and non-existent. For example, a man sells to another the offspring of the offspring of a pregnant she-camel. This is prohibited because of the substantial harm and uncertainty involved. In fact, it is not certainly known whether the offspring will be male or female, one or two, alive or dead. Furthermore, the time of settling the transaction is also unknown. Hence, this is a type of sale transactions that involves lack of knowledge of all the aspects of the sale. Being so, it results in many harmful consequences and ends in disputes. In general, this sale has four forms: 1. Selling the offspring of a pregnant she-camel. 2. Selling the offspring of the offspring of a pregnant she-camel. This is a contract whose object is unknown. 3. Delaying the sale of the contracted object, meaning that he delays the time when the sold object becomes the property of the buyer until the she-camel gives birth, or until its unborn offspring gives birth. 4. Finalizing the sale but deferring the price to an unknown time.
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sales called Mukhābarah, Muhāqalah, Muzābanah and the selling of fruits until they are fit for eating. He also forbade the selling of fruits but for money, except in the case of ‘Araya.
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade some of the sales of crops because of the harm they incur on one or both sides of the transaction (buyer and seller). These sales include Mukhābarah, which is to lease out land in return for the produce of a specified part of the land; Muhāqalah, which is to sell wheat in the ear in return for husked wheat (wheat separated from the chaff); Muzābanah, which is to sell dates on palm trees in return for dates. He also forbade selling fruit until its condition becomes clear that it is free from blight and good for eating, but he made an exception for ‘Araya (date-palms), i.e. ripe dates after their value is estimated, in return for the same value of fruit.
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Variation of reward for good deeds is based on sincerity and following of the Prophet’s guidance. The more a person is sincere to Allah, and the keener he is on following the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), the more perfect his worship will be, and consequently his reward will be bigger.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
People differ with regards to their acts of worship according to their intentions. The intentions of some people have reached the ultimate level of sincerity (to Allah) and keenness in following the Sunnah (of the Messenger of Allah) with regard to doing good and righteous deeds, while the intentions of others are below that.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Anyone partaking a role with transgressors and wrongdoers will share their punishment because it is inclusive.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Actions are recompensed according to the intentions behind them, and the individual shall receive the reward of what he intended even if the outcome was contrary to his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
There is not a single good deed intended sincerely to please Allah except that its doer will be raised in rank and status thereby, so that he would reap the full reward.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Love and contentment is measured by good deeds and intentions because they are the criteria for Allah’s acceptance of the servant; perhaps a small deed reaps great reward because of the intention behind it and perhaps a big deed reaps little reward because of the intention behind it
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
One of the proofs Allah supports the servant is the latter’s sincere endeavor to rectify his intention and purify his heart by good deeds.
هدايات لشرح رياض الصالحين