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﴿ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلَا تَكُن مِّنَ ٱلۡمُمۡتَرِينَ ﴾

سورة آل عمران

60. (This is) the truth from your Lord, so be not of those who doubt.

﴿ إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَىٰ دَاوُۥدَ فَفَزِعَ مِنۡهُمۡۖ قَالُواْ لَا تَخَفۡۖ خَصۡمَانِ بَغَىٰ بَعۡضُنَا عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تُشۡطِطۡ وَٱهۡدِنَآ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ ﴾

سورة ص

When they entered upon David and he was alarmed by them? They said, "Fear not. [We are] two adversaries, one of whom has wronged the other, so judge between us with truth and do not exceed [it] and guide us to the sound path.

﴿ فَلَمَّآ أَسۡلَمَا وَتَلَّهُۥ لِلۡجَبِينِ ﴾

سورة الصافات

When they both submitted [to Allah’s command] and Abraham laid him on his forehead,

﴿ الٓرۚ كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ إِلَيۡكَ لِتُخۡرِجَ ٱلنَّاسَ مِنَ ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ بِإِذۡنِ رَبِّهِمۡ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطِ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡحَمِيدِ ﴾

سورة إبراهيم

1. Alif-Lâm-Râ. [These letters are one of the miracles of the Qur’ân, and none but Allâh (Alone) knows their meanings]. (This is) a Book which We have revealed unto you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم) in order that you might lead mankind out of darkness (of disbelief and polytheism) into light (of belief in the Oneness of Allâh and Islâmic Monotheism) by their Lord’s Leave to the Path of the All-Mighty, the Owner of all Praise.

﴿ وَإِلَىٰ ثَمُودَ أَخَاهُمۡ صَٰلِحٗاۚ قَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرُهُۥۖ قَدۡ جَآءَتۡكُم بَيِّنَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡۖ هَٰذِهِۦ نَاقَةُ ٱللَّهِ لَكُمۡ ءَايَةٗۖ فَذَرُوهَا تَأۡكُلۡ فِيٓ أَرۡضِ ٱللَّهِۖ وَلَا تَمَسُّوهَا بِسُوٓءٖ فَيَأۡخُذَكُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ﴾

سورة الأعراف

And to the Thamūd [We sent] their brother Ṣāliḥ. He said, "O my people, worship Allāh; you have no deity other than Him. There has come to you clear evidence from your Lord. This is the she-camel of Allāh [sent] to you as a sign. So leave her to eat within Allāh's land and do not touch her with harm, lest there seize you a painful punishment.

﴿ لَّا يَسۡمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغۡوٗا وَلَا كِذَّٰبٗا ﴾

سورة النبأ

They will not hear therein vain talk or lies –

﴿ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ قَصۡدُ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَمِنۡهَا جَآئِرٞۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ لَهَدَىٰكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ﴾

سورة النحل

9. And upon Allâh is the responsibility to explain the Straight Path[9]. But there are ways that turn aside (such as Paganism, Judaism and Christianity). And had He willed, He would have guided you all (mankind).

﴿ بَلۡ عَجِبُوٓاْ أَن جَآءَهُم مُّنذِرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَقَالَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ هَٰذَا شَيۡءٌ عَجِيبٌ ﴾

سورة ق

2. Nay, they wonder that there has come to them a warner (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) from among themselves. So the disbelievers say: "This is a strange thing!

﴿ إِلَّا حَمِيمٗا وَغَسَّاقٗا ﴾

سورة النبأ

Except scalding water and [foul] purulence -

﴿ إِنِّي لَكُمۡ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٞ ﴾

سورة الشعراء

Indeed, I am to you a trustworthy messenger.

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Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "My heirs should not take a dinar or dirham. Whatever I leave behind, excluding the provision for my wives and my employees, should be spent in charity."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

This Hadīth indicates that the Prophet’s heirs should not take a dinar or dirham from his property after his death, because he was a prophet, and prophets did not bequeath any wealth, as they did not pursue worldly gains. Their mission and chief concern was to guide people to the truth. If he left any money, it was to be used to support his wives and the succeeding leader or whoever oversaw the Muslims’ affairs. Anything beyond that was to be spent in charity.

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "People of two different religions do not inherit from one another."

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad

This Hadīth indicates that people of different religions do not inherit from one another. For example, a Muslim does not inherit from a Jew or a Christian, and vice versa. That is due to the lack of one of the conditions of lawful inheritance: following the same religion. If the religion is different, inheritance is not allowed; that is the view of the majority of the Muslim jurists.

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give the prescribed shares of inheritance to their rightful beneficiaries, and whatever remains after that should be given to the closest male relatives." Another version reads: "Divide the legacy among those entitled to prescribed shares thereof in compliance with the Book of Allah. Whatever remains after that should be given to the closest male relatives."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) commands those who are in charge of dividing the inheritance to distribute it fairly among its rightful beneficiaries, according to the Shariah rules, as Allah, the Almighty, willed. Those who are entitled to prescribed shares of a legacy should be given their shares that are set for them in the Qur’an, which are: two thirds, one third, one sixth, one half, one quarter, and one eighth. Whatever remains after that should be given to the closest male relatives, who are called ‘Asabah (male relatives by agnation).

Al-Miqdām (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: ''If anyone leaves behind a debt or a helpless family, I shall be responsible. But if anyone leaves wealth, it goes to his heirs. I am the heir of him who has none, paying blood money on his behalf and inheriting from him. And a maternal uncle is the heir of him who has none, paying blood money on his behalf and inheriting from him.''

Narrated by Ibn Majah - Narrated by Abu Daoud - Narrated by Ahmad

This Hadīth is concerned with the inheritance of kinship who are not entitled to prescribed shares of inheritance nor to inheritance through agnation, such as the paternal aunt, the maternal aunt and uncle, the daughters' children, and the children of the son's daughters, and their like. It states that maternal uncles may pay the blood money due on their deceased. This Hadīth also tells that anyone who leaves behind children and a debt to settle, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) takes care of the children and pays the debt. This is an aspect of the Prophet's mercy and compassion toward his Ummah. If a Muslim dies but has no heirs, his property goes to the Muslim treasury.

Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A newborn who cries after birth is entitled to inheritance."

Narrated by Ibn Majah

This Hadīth shows that a baby who cries, sneezes, shouts, or does anything indicating that he is alive after he is born deserves inheritance. Since he is alive, he has fulfilled the condition for being an heir. The same ruling applies to the baby who cries after birth and then dies: he inherits. He is also to be washed, shrouded, and prayed over. If killed, the killer must be killed in retribution or pay blood money.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: ''Breastfeeding produces the same interdiction which childbirth produces."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The women whom a man is prohibited from marrying because of his blood relations with them, such as the mother and sister, are also prohibited to him through breastfeeding, such as the suckling mother (wet nurse) and suckling sister (who suckled from the same woman as him). Therefore, another Hadīth reads: "Breastfeeding forbids (for marriage) what lineage (blood relations) forbids." This is the case whether it's on the wife's side or on the husband's side. All women whom a man is forbidden to marry because of kinship – like his sister, maternal aunt, and paternal aunt – are also forbidden for him to marry if he is related to them by breastfeeding. Likewise is the wife; just as she is forbidden to marry her son, brother, paternal uncle, and maternal uncle, she is also forbidden to marry them if they are related to her only through breastfeeding. Breastfeeding forbids marriage and establishes a Mahram status between the suckled infant and the opposite-sex children of the suckling mother. They are considered as relatives with regard to the lawfulness of looking freely at them (without having to lower his gaze), accompanying them in travel, and being alone with them in a place. However, the breastfeeding relation has no effect on other rulings, such as inheritance, the obligation to provide for each other, and the like. Also, the mentioned prohibition applies to the suckling mother, as her relatives are relatives of the suckled child, but the relatives of the suckled child, apart from his offspring, are not related to the suckling mother. None of the rulings applies to them.

Abu ‘Ali Talq ibn ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If a man calls his wife to fulfill his desire, she should come to him even if she is busy with the oven."

Narrated by At-Termedhy

When a man calls his wife to fulfill his sexual desire, she should immediately respond to him, even if she is busy doing something that none but her can do, such as baking or cooking.

‘Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were in the company of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: "Those who can afford marriage should marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and guarding chastity. He who cannot afford it should fast, for indeed it serves as a restraint for him."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) urged those who are able to have sexual intercourse and afford the expenses of marriage to marry, as it protects their sight from what is forbidden, keeps their private parts more chaste, and prevents them from falling into immorality. As for those who cannot afford the expenses of marriage yet can have sexual intercourse, they should observe fast, as it undermines the desire of the private parts and stops the evil of semen.

‘Uqbah ibn ‘Āmir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Beware of entering upon women." A man from the Ansār said: O Messenger of Allah, what about the Hamw (brother-in-law)? He said: "The Hamw is death."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) warned against mixing with foreign women and said: Guard yourselves against entering upon women and against women entering upon you. A man from the Ansār said: What about the husband's relatives, like the husband's brother, his brother's son, his uncle, his cousin, his sister's son, and others whom she could get married to if she were not married? Thereupon, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: Beware of him as you beware of death. This is because meeting the husband's male relatives in seclusion leads to temptation and destruction in one's religion. In fact, the husband's relatives, other than his fathers and sons, are worthier of the prohibition than the foreign man since being in seclusion with the husband's relative is more recurrent than with others, and evil is more expected from him than from others, and temptation is more likely to occur given his ability to reach the woman and stay in seclusion with her without being blamed for that, and given that his presence is inevitable and it is not possible to keep him away from her as this is commonly taken lightly, so a man can easily meet his brother's wife in seclusion. This is similar to death in terms of hideousness and the evil consequences, unlike the foreign man who is usually avoided.

Ibrahīm said: ''They used to beat us over testimony and promises when we were still children.''

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim