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﴿ لَكُنَّا عِبَادَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡمُخۡلَصِينَ ﴾

سورة الصافات

169. "We would have indeed been the chosen slaves of Allâh (true believers of Islâmic Monotheism)!"

﴿ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ سَيَجۡعَلُ لَهُمُ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ وُدّٗا ﴾

سورة مريم

Indeed, those who have believed and done righteous deeds - the Most Merciful will appoint for them affection.[829]

﴿ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ﴾

سورة الصافات

This is how We reward those who do good.

﴿ فَرَاغَ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ فَجَآءَ بِعِجۡلٖ سَمِينٖ ﴾

سورة الذاريات

Then he went quickly to his household, and came with a fat [roasted] calf,

﴿ لَعَلَّنَا نَتَّبِعُ ٱلسَّحَرَةَ إِن كَانُواْ هُمُ ٱلۡغَٰلِبِينَ ﴾

سورة الشعراء

That we might follow the magicians if they are the predominant?"

﴿ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱرۡكَعُواْ وَٱسۡجُدُواْۤ وَٱعۡبُدُواْ رَبَّكُمۡ وَٱفۡعَلُواْ ٱلۡخَيۡرَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ۩ ﴾

سورة الحج

77. O you who have believed! Bow down, and prostrate yourselves, and worship your Lord and do good that you may be successful.

﴿ فَٱسۡتَمۡسِكۡ بِٱلَّذِيٓ أُوحِيَ إِلَيۡكَۖ إِنَّكَ عَلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ﴾

سورة الزخرف

So adhere to that which is revealed to you. Indeed, you are on a straight path.

﴿ وَيَجۡعَلُونَ لِمَا لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ نَصِيبٗا مِّمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡۗ تَٱللَّهِ لَتُسۡـَٔلُنَّ عَمَّا كُنتُمۡ تَفۡتَرُونَ ﴾

سورة النحل

They assign a portion of what We have provided for them to those [idols] who know nothing. By Allah, you will surely be called to account for what you used to fabricate.

﴿ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَآۖ إِن كُنتُم مُّوقِنِينَ ﴾

سورة الدخان

7. The Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, if you (but) have a faith with certainty.

﴿ فَٱسۡتَخَفَّ قَوۡمَهُۥ فَأَطَاعُوهُۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَوۡمٗا فَٰسِقِينَ ﴾

سورة الزخرف

So he bluffed his people, and they obeyed him. Indeed, they were [themselves] a people defiantly disobedient [of Allāh].

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Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not precede Ramadan by fasting a day or two unless a man has a habitual fast, then let him fast it."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade Muslims from fasting a day or two ahead of Ramadan out of cautiousness for Ramadan, because the obligation of fasting Ramadan is based on sighting the crescent, and there is no need for affectation. However, if someone has a habitual fast, such as fasting every other day or fasting on Mondays or Thursdays, and it coincides with this time, then he may fast. This is not considered a part of anticipating Ramadan. This also applies to obligatory fasts, such as making up for missed fasts or fulfilling a vow.

‘Ā'ishah and Umm Salāmah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would sometimes get up at the time of Fajr while in a state of Janābah after having sexual intercourse with his wives, then he would take a ritual bath and fast.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

‘Ā'ishah and Umm Salāmah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) inform us that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to have sexual intercourse with his wives at night, and perhaps the time for Fajr prayer would come while he was in the state of Janābah and had not yet taken a ritual bath. If he were fasting on that day, he would complete his fast without making up for it. They mentioned this as an answer to Marwān ibn al-Hakam when he sent someone to ask them about this matter. This ruling applies in Ramadan and all other months.

Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting the two days: Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad'ha; wearing a garment that is void of openings for hands; sitting on one’s buttocks while holding his both legs pulled back with his arms in case he wore only one garment; and praying after the Fajr and ‘Asr prayers.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

In this Hadīth the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting the two days, two types of garments, and two prayers. The two days on which fasting is forbidden are Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad'ha, and the wisdom behind the prohibition of fasting these days is that it is not proper to fast on days of feast and delight. The two types of garments are wearing a garment that is void of openings for the hands, and sitting on one’s buttocks while holding his both legs pulled back with his arms in case he wore only one garment, it has been restricted in the narration of Al-Bukhāri: "If there is nothing covering his private parts." The two prayers are any prayer after the Fajr prayer and after the ‘Asr prayer; this is to eliminate any means leading to imitating the disbelievers who prostrate to the sun at the time of its rising and setting. However, it is permissible during this time to perform the obligatory prayer as well as prayers for specific reasons (i.e. entering the mosque and so on).

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever forgets while fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast, for it is Allah Who fed him and gave him drink."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that whoever eats or drinks forgetfully while fasting, whether the fast is obligatory or voluntary, should complete his fast and not break it because he did not intend to break the fast; rather, it is sustenance that Allah provided him with, and it is Allah Who fed him and gave him drink.

Abu ‘Ubayd, the ex-slave of Ibn Az'har, reported: I witnessed Eid with ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said: These are two days that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting: the day of breaking your fast, and the other day in which you eat from your sacrifice.

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting on the days of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad'ha. As for Eid al-Fitr, it is the day of breaking the fast after the month of Ramadan, and as for the day of Eid al-Ad'ha, it is the day of eating from the sacrifices.

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: My close friend (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) advised me with three: fasting three days of every month, the two Rak‘ahs of Duha, and performing Witr before I sleep."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) informs that his beloved friend and companion (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) advised and entrusted him with three things: First: Fasting three days of every month. Second: Performing the two Rak‘ahs (unit of prayer) of Duha (forenoon prayer) daily. Third: Performing Witr before sleeping for whoever fears not waking up at the end of the night.

‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Seek out the Night of Qadr (Decree) in the odd nights of the last ten of Ramadan."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) encouraged diligence in pursuing and seeking out the Night of Qadr by increasing good deeds. It is more likely to occur during the odd nights of the last ten nights of Ramadan every year, which are: the 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th, and 29th nights.

Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: Some men among the Companions of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) were shown the Night of Qadr in their dreams to be in the last seven. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I see that your visions have agreed on the last seven, so, whoever seeks it, let him seek it in the last seven."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

Some men among the Prophet's Companions saw in their dreams that the Night of Qadr is in the last seven nights of Ramadan. Thereupon, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: I see that your visions have agreed on the last seven nights of Ramadan. So, whoever seeks it and is keen on pursuing it, let him seek it and pursue it with diligence by increasing the good deeds, as it is more likely to be in the last seven, which start from the 24th night if the month of Ramadan is thirty days, or from the 23rd night if the month is twenty-nine days.

‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the night approaches from this side, and the day retreats from that side, then it is time for the fasting person to break his fast."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim

According to the Shariah, fasting time begins from dawn to sunset. In this Hadīth, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs that the time of breaking the fast is when the night comes from the east and the day retreats from the west; i.e. when the sun sets In another narration: "When the night approaches from this side and the day retreats from that side and the sun sets, then it is time for the fasting person to break his fast." When this time comes, the fasting person should break his fast without delay, otherwise he will be blamed for such a delay. So, he should hasten to break his fast in obedience to Allah, the Almighty, and in compliance with His command, and in order to make the time of worship distinct from other times, and to enable himself to enjoy the permissible pleasures of life. “Then it is time for the fasting person to break his fast” has two possible meanings: 1. He is legally considered to have broken his fast once the time of breaking the fast comes, even if he has taken nothing to break it. Thus, the encouragement in some Hadīths to hasten the break of the fast refers to actual breaking, so as to accord with the Shariah meaning. 2. The time of breaking the fast has come, so he is encouraged to promptly break his fast. This meaning is more appropriate and supported by a narration of Al-Bukhāri, which reads: “The time of breaking the fast has come.”

‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: "I said: "O Messenger of Allah, I had vowed, before embracing Islam, to make I‘tikāf for one night – another narration reads: for one day – the Sacred Mosque." He said: "Then fulfill your vow."

Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim