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﴿ إِن تُعَذِّبۡهُمۡ فَإِنَّهُمۡ عِبَادُكَۖ وَإِن تَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ فَإِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ﴾
سورة المائدة
118. "If You punish them, they are Your slaves, and if You forgive them, verily You, only You, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise[39]."
﴿ وَدَّت طَّآئِفَةٞ مِّنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَوۡ يُضِلُّونَكُمۡ وَمَا يُضِلُّونَ إِلَّآ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَمَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ﴾
سورة آل عمران
69. A party of the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians) wish to lead you astray. But they shall not lead astray anyone except themselves, and they perceive not.
﴿ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٖ ثُمَّ ٱسۡتَوَىٰ عَلَى ٱلۡعَرۡشِۖ مَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِهِۦ مِن وَلِيّٖ وَلَا شَفِيعٍۚ أَفَلَا تَتَذَكَّرُونَ ﴾
سورة السجدة
It is Allāh who created the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them in six days; then He established Himself above the Throne.[1171] You have not besides Him any protector or any intercessor; so will you not be reminded?
﴿ وَلَا تَقۡرَبُواْ ٱلزِّنَىٰٓۖ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ فَٰحِشَةٗ وَسَآءَ سَبِيلٗا ﴾
سورة الإسراء
And do not approach unlawful sexual intercourse.[741] Indeed, it is ever an immorality and is evil as a way.
﴿ أَوۡ أَمَرَ بِٱلتَّقۡوَىٰٓ ﴾
سورة العلق
12. Or enjoins piety!
﴿ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا لَعِبٞ وَلَهۡوٞۚ وَإِن تُؤۡمِنُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ يُؤۡتِكُمۡ أُجُورَكُمۡ وَلَا يَسۡـَٔلۡكُمۡ أَمۡوَٰلَكُمۡ ﴾
سورة محمد
The life of this world is only play and amusement. But if you believe and fear Allah, He will give you your rewards, and He does not ask you for all your wealth[21].
﴿ أَوۡ نُرِيَنَّكَ ٱلَّذِي وَعَدۡنَٰهُمۡ فَإِنَّا عَلَيۡهِم مُّقۡتَدِرُونَ ﴾
سورة الزخرف
Or whether [or not] We show you that which We have promised them, indeed, We are Perfect in Ability.
﴿ فَوَيۡلٞ لِّلَّذِينَ يَكۡتُبُونَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ بِأَيۡدِيهِمۡ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هَٰذَا مِنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ لِيَشۡتَرُواْ بِهِۦ ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلٗاۖ فَوَيۡلٞ لَّهُم مِّمَّا كَتَبَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَوَيۡلٞ لَّهُم مِّمَّا يَكۡسِبُونَ ﴾
سورة البقرة
So woe[32] to those who write the "scripture" with their own hands, then say, "This is from Allāh," in order to exchange it for a small price. Woe to them for what their hands have written and woe to them for what they earn.
﴿ وَنَزَعۡنَا مِن كُلِّ أُمَّةٖ شَهِيدٗا فَقُلۡنَا هَاتُواْ بُرۡهَٰنَكُمۡ فَعَلِمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱلۡحَقَّ لِلَّهِ وَضَلَّ عَنۡهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَفۡتَرُونَ ﴾
سورة القصص
And We will extract from every nation a witness and say, "Produce your proof," and they will know that the truth belongs to Allāh, and lost from them is that which they used to invent.
﴿ سَمَّٰعُونَ لِلۡكَذِبِ أَكَّٰلُونَ لِلسُّحۡتِۚ فَإِن جَآءُوكَ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُمۡ أَوۡ أَعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡۖ وَإِن تُعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡ فَلَن يَضُرُّوكَ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَإِنۡ حَكَمۡتَ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُم بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ ﴾
سورة المائدة
42. (They like to) listen to falsehood, to devour anything forbidden. So if they come to you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), either judge between them, or turn away from them. If you turn away from them, they cannot hurt you in the least. And if you judge, judge with justice between them. Verily, Allâh loves those who act justly.
‘Abdullāh ibn Salām (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madīnah, the people rushed to meet him, and it was said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) has come! The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) has come! The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) has come! Three times. I came with the people to see him, and when I saw his face clearly, I knew that his face was not the face of a liar. The first thing I heard him say was: "O people, spread the greeting of peace, feed others, maintain kinship ties, and pray at night when people are asleep, and you will enter Paradise in peace."
Narrated by At-Termedhy & Ibn Majah & Ahmad
When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madīnah and the people saw him, they rushed toward him. Among them was ‘Abdullāh ibn Salām (may Allah be pleased with him), who was a Jew. As he saw him, he knew that his face was not one of a liar, given the light, beauty, and true awe that appeared on it. The first thing he heard from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was that he urged the people to perform deeds that lead them to enter Paradise, such as the following: First: Spreading and proclaiming the greeting of peace and frequently doing it, greeting those you know and those you do not know. Second: Feeding people through charity, gift, and hospitality. Third: Upholding kinship ties from the father's or mother's side. Fourth: Offering the supererogatory prayer of Qiyām al-Layl while people are asleep.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the Imām says amen, you too say amen, for whoever says amen at the same time the angels say amen will have his previous sins forgiven."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered us to say 'amen' when the Imām says it because this is the time when the angels say 'amen', and whoever says it at the same time as the angels his previous sins will be forgiven.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If any of you leads the people in prayer, let him shorten it, because among them are the weak, the sick, and the busy (who have needs to fulfill). If any of you prays alone, then let him prolong (his prayer) as much as he wishes."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) commanded the Muslims to shorten the prayer according to what is in the Sunnah. He justified that by saying that the weak people, as well as the sick and busy people, pray behind them. However, when they pray individually, they are free to either prolong or shorten the prayer as they wish.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Imām is appointed so that he should be followed; so, do not act differently from him. When he makes Takbīr all of you should say it after him; bow when he bows; say 'O our Lord, all praise be to You' when he says: Allah hears the one who praises Him; prostrate when he prostates; and all of you should pray sitting when he prays sitting."
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned the wisdom behind appointing an Imām, which is that the worshipers should follow him in their congregational prayer. They should not act differently from him in the actions of the prayer. Rather, the Imām's movements during the prayer should be observed and followed in the same order he does them. Thus, when the Imām says Takbīr, then the congregation should follow him in doing so. When the Imām bows then they all should follow him, and when the Imām reminds them that Allah will answer the ones who praise Him by saying "Allah hears the one who praises Him", then they should praise Allah by saying: "Our Lord, praise be to You". When the Imām prostrates, Muslims praying behind him should prostrate as well, and if he prays sitting because he is unable to stand, then all of them should pray sitting as well even if they are able to stand. This is how the Imām should be followed.
Abu Zuhayr ‘Umārah ibn Ru’aybah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He who prays before sunrise and before sunset will not enter Hellfire."
Narrated by Muslim
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs that one who regularly offers the Fajr and ‘Asr prayers will not enter Hellfire. He mentioned these two prayers in particular given that they are the most difficult of all prayers because the morning prayer is at the time when one is enjoying deep sleep, and the ‘Asr prayer is at the time when one is preoccupied with daytime chores and trade, and whoever regularly observes these two prayers despite the hardship will regularly observe the rest of the prayers.
‘Uthmān (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "No Muslim person who, when an obligatory prayer becomes due, perfects its ablution, humility, and bowing except that it becomes an expiation for the sins that preceded it as long as he has not committed a major sin, and this applies to all times."
Narrated by Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that no Muslim who, when the time for an obligatory prayer becomes due, perfects and completes its ablution, then prays with humility in such a way that his heart and all of his body organs are devoted to Allah and heedful of His greatness, and he perfects the acts of prayer like bowing, prostration and other actions, except that this prayer will serve as an expiation for the preceding minor sins as long as he has not committed a major sin; and this merit applies to all times and every prayer.
Ka‘b ibn ‘Ujrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There are certain things, the sayer of which – or the performer of which – after every prescribed prayer will never be disappointed: Tasbīh (saying 'Subhānallāh') thirty-three times, Tahmīd (saying 'Al-hamdulillāh') thirty-three times, and Takbīr (saying 'Allāhu Akbar') thirty-four times."
Narrated by Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed about certain Adhkār (regular supplications) whose sayer will never lose or regret; rather, he will attain a reward for saying such words that succeed each other and that are to be said after the obligatory prayer. These Adhkār are: "Subhānallāh" (glory be to Allah) thirty-three times, i.e., exalting Allah Almighty above any deficiency. "Al-hamdulillāh" (praise be to Allah) thirty-three times, i.e., describing Allah with complete perfection, along with loving and extolling Him. "Allāhu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest) thirty-three times, as Allah is greater, more magnificent, and mightier than everything.
Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever says upon hearing the muezzin: 'Ash-hadu alla ilāha illallāh wahdahu la sharīka lah wa anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasūluh, radītu billāhi rabban, wa bi Muhammadin rasūlan wa bil Islāmi dīna (I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone without any partner and that Muhammad is His slave and messenger. I am pleased with Allah as a Lord, with Muhammad as a messenger, and with Islam as a religion), his sins will be forgiven)."
Narrated by Muslim
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed that whoever says upon hearing the muezzin: "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone without any partner," i.e., I acknowledge, confess, and say that there is no deity truly worthy of worship except Allah, and all other deities are false. "And that Muhammad is His slave and messenger," i.e., he is a slave who should not be worshipped and a messenger who does not lie. "I am pleased with Allah as a Lord," i.e., with his Lordship, divinity, names, and attributes. "With Muhammad as a messenger," i.e., with everything he was sent with and conveyed to us. "And with Islam," i.e., with all the rulings of Islam including the commands and prohibitions, "as a religion," i.e., by way of belief and submission. "His sins will be forgiven," i.e., the minor sins.
As-Sā'ib ibn Yazīd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was in the mosque when a man threw a pebble at me. I looked and it was ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: "Go and bring me these two." So I brought them to him. He said: "Where are you from?" They said: "From the people of Taif." He said: "If you had been from this city, I would have inflicted pain on you. You raise your voices in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him)."
Narrated by Bukhari
As-Sā'ib ibn Yazīd (may Allah be pleased with him) reports an incident that he witnessed. Two men were speaking loudly in the Prophet's Mosque during ‘Umar’s caliphate. On hearing them, ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) threw a pebble at As-Sā'ib ibn Yazīd to bring him those two men. As-Sā'ib brought them to ‘Umar who asked them where they were from. They told him that they were from Taif, so he told them that if they had been from the inhabitants of Madīnah, he would have given them a painful beating as a punishment for raising their voices in the Prophet's Mosque. Since they were not from Madīnah, ‘Umar excused them for their ignorance, because most probably they were unfamiliar with the rulings of Shariah.
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have delivered a Friday sermon. In it he said: “O people, you eat two plants that I only find offensive: onion and garlic. I saw the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and if he detected their odor on a man in the mosque, he would order [the man] to be taken out to Al-Baqī‘. So anyone who [wants to] eat them, let them eliminate [their odor] by cooking.''
Narrated by Muslim
‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) told those who were attending the Friday sermon that they “ate two offensive plants: onion and garlic”. Arabs use the word ''offensive” for objectionable and reprehensible words, actions, possessions, food, or people. This is established in a Hadīth that Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who said: “Anyone who eats from this offensive tree let them not come close to our mosque.” [Muslim] “…onion and garlic”: Everything that has an offensive odor, such as radish, leeks, tobacco, and cigarettes are included here. Onions and garlic are mentioned in particular because they are eaten often. Leeks are stipulated in a Hadīth reported by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) and narrated by Muslim. So if anyone smelled of onion or garlic in the mosque, they would be ordered to be taken out as far as Al-Baqī‘, because it offends not only people but also the angels, as was related in an authentic Hadīth. In Ibn Mājah, we read: ''At the time of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) if a foul odor was detected on a man, I would see him seized by the arm and taken out to Al-Baqī‘.” “So anyone who [wants to] eat them, let them eliminate [their odor] by cooking.” This is because cooking eliminated the odor and if the odor is eliminated, one may enter the mosque because the reason for the prohibition no longer exists. Cooking onion and garlic thoroughly is required if someone wishes to enter the mosque for prayer or any other purpose. If it is not time for prayer, one may eat them raw. The command to cook them is meant to prevent offending others.
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Variation of reward for good deeds is based on sincerity and following of the Prophet’s guidance. The more a person is sincere to Allah, and the keener he is on following the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him), the more perfect his worship will be, and consequently his reward will be bigger.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
People differ with regards to their acts of worship according to their intentions. The intentions of some people have reached the ultimate level of sincerity (to Allah) and keenness in following the Sunnah (of the Messenger of Allah) with regard to doing good and righteous deeds, while the intentions of others are below that.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Anyone partaking a role with transgressors and wrongdoers will share their punishment because it is inclusive.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
If someone intends to do a good deed but was prevented by a valid excuse, he shall gain the reward of his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Actions are recompensed according to the intentions behind them, and the individual shall receive the reward of what he intended even if the outcome was contrary to his intention.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
There is not a single good deed intended sincerely to please Allah except that its doer will be raised in rank and status thereby, so that he would reap the full reward.
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
Love and contentment is measured by good deeds and intentions because they are the criteria for Allah’s acceptance of the servant; perhaps a small deed reaps great reward because of the intention behind it and perhaps a big deed reaps little reward because of the intention behind it
Riyadh Al-Salheen with explanation and benefits
One of the proofs Allah supports the servant is the latter’s sincere endeavor to rectify his intention and purify his heart by good deeds.
هدايات لشرح رياض الصالحين